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Ocular signs are unusual in the presentation of cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas in locations other than the cavernous sinus. Between 2000–2015, 13 patients met the inclusion criteria for this retrospective analysis. The most common signs were chemosis (61.5%), loss of visual acuity (38.5%), exophthalmia (38.5%), and ocular hypertension (7.7%). Dural arteriovenous fistulas presenting with ocular signs were classified into 4 types due to their pathologic mechanism (local venous reflux into the superior ophthalmic vein, massive venous engorgement of the cerebrum responsible for intracranial hypertension, compression of an oculomotor nerve by a venous dilation, or intraorbital fistula with drainage into the superior ophthalmic vein).

This is a retrospective review of 48 patients with 50 carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms in which 44 patients with 46 aneurysms were treated with flow diversion from June 2009 to June 2015. There were no permanent adverse visual outcomes. There was 1 death due to late intraparenchymal hemorrhage (2.2%). Six-month angiography showed complete occlusion in 24 of 37 patients (64.9%), and 3-year angiography results showed occlusion in 24 of 25 patients (96%).

In 54 patients, new T2-weighted lesions were evaluated for enhancement on conventional T1-weighted imaging with gadolinium, and their susceptibility values were measured on quantitative susceptibility mapping. Eighty-six of 133 new lesions that were gadolinium-enhancing had relative susceptibility values significantly lower than those of nonenhancing lesions. Using susceptibility values to discriminate enhancing from nonenhancing lesions showed a sensitivity of 88.4% and specificity of 91.5%, with a cutoff value of 11.2 parts per billion for QSM.