PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Mills, Catherine M.
AU  - Brant-Zawadzki, Michael
AU  - Crooks, Lawrence E.
AU  - Kaufman, Leon
AU  - Sheldon, Phil
AU  - Norman, David
AU  - Bank, William
AU  - Newton, Thomas H.
TI  - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Principles of Blood Flow Imaging
DP  - 1983 Nov 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 1161--1166
VI  - 4
IP  - 6
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/4/6/1161.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/4/6/1161.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.1983 Nov 01; 4
AB  - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging with spin-echo techniques defines vascular structures with superb anatomic detail. Contrast agents are not necessary as there is intrinsic contrast between flowing blood and the vascular wall. The signal intensity from blood within the vessel lumen varies with the sequence of gradient and radiofrequency pulses used to generate the image as well as with the velocity of blood flow. Appropriate imaging techniques can optimize anatomic detail, distinguish slow from rapidly flowing blood, and serve to identify marked impairment or complete obstruction of flow in an artery or vein. Some examples of these principles in the intracranial circulation are illustrated.