PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Wada, Akihiko
AU  - Yoshida, Rika
AU  - Oda, Kazushige
AU  - Fukuba, Eiji
AU  - Uchida, Nobue
AU  - Kitagaki, Hajime
TI  - Acute Encephalopathy Associated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy
DP  - 2005 Oct 01
TA  - American Journal of Neuroradiology
PG  - 2311--2315
VI  - 26
IP  - 9
4099  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/26/9/2311.short
4100  - http://www.ajnr.org/content/26/9/2311.full
SO  - Am. J. Neuroradiol.2005 Oct 01; 26
AB  - Summary: Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy is useful against various immune system disorders and viral infections. It is generally safe, and serious adverse reactions are uncommon. We report a rare case of acute encephalopathy following intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for human herpes virus 6 infection in a child. MR imaging findings suggest that the dominant causative mechanism of acute encephalopathy is cytotoxic edema, and the findings indicate 2 primary mechanisms. Reversibility of the restriction of water diffusion (low apparent diffusion coefficient value) on diffusion-weighted MR imaging suggests intramyelinic edema in the myelin sheath, and an increase of glutamate and glutamine complex peak on MR spectroscopy suggests excitotoxic injury to the neurons and astrocytes.