Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Age (years) | 67.6 ± 6.6 |
| Male:Female (n) | 17:3 |
| Degree of stenosis (%) | 74.9 ± 14.6 |
| Symptomatic attack | 19/20 (95%) |
| Minor stroke | 8/20 (40%) |
| Transient ischemic attack | 11/20 (55%) |
| Risk factors | |
| Hypertension | 16/20 (80%) |
| Smoking | 15/20 (75%) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 11/20 (55%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 7/20 (35%) |
| Vascular complications | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 7/20 (35%) |
| Arteriosclerosis obliterans | 2/20 (10%) |
Note.—Values are expressed as mean ± SD. The degree of carotid stenosis was calculated using the method described by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial group 1. Ischemic heart disease was diagnosed by myocardial scintigraphy, and arteriosclerosis obliterans was diagnosed by ankle pressure index, pulse wave, and clinical symptoms.