Vertebroplasty complications
| Cement leaks: |
| Should be of no consequence if small |
| Large leaks may cause local or radicular pain, neurologic damage, pulmonary embolus, or death |
| Inaccurate needle placement: |
| Injury to nerve root or spinal cord |
| Injury to adjacent organs (eg lungs) |
| Pain exacerabation: |
| May occur due to substantial leaks into adjacent tissue or veins |
| May occur without leak (transient pain flair) |
| Infection (rare) |
| Bleeding (rare without coagulopathy or anticoagulation) |