Outcomes in experimental and clinical trials of various neuroprotective agents
| Drug | Type of Trial | Results | Reference No. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Na channel blockers | 59 | ||
| Phenytoin | Exp | + | |
| Clin | − | ||
| Carbamazepine | Exp | + | |
| Lamotrignine | Exp | + | |
| Sipatrigine | Exp | + | |
| Clin | −− | ||
| Riluzole | Exp | + | |
| 2. K channel blockers | |||
| BMS-204352 | Exp | + | 71 |
| Clin | − | 72 | |
| 3. Ca channel blockers | 73 | ||
| (S)-emopamil | Exp | +/− | 75 |
| Nimodipine | Exp | +/− | |
| Clin | +/− | ||
| Dantrolene | Exp | +/− | |
| Flunarizine | Clin | − | |
| 4. NMDA antagonists | 89 | ||
| MK-801 | Exp | +/− | |
| Clin | −− | ||
| Aptiganel | Exp | + | |
| Clin | −− | ||
| CP101,606 | Exp | + | 100 |
| Eliprodil | Exp | + | |
| Clin | − | ||
| NPS-1506 | Exp | + | |
| Clin | + | 103 | |
| Magnesium | Exp | + | 113 |
| Clin | IP | ||
| 5. AMPA antagonists | |||
| YM-872 | Exp | + | 106 |
| Clin | IP | ||
| 6. MGLUR modulators | |||
| BAY 36-7620 | Exp | +/− | 111 |
| 7. NAALADase Inhibitors | 109 | ||
| GPI5232 | Exp | + | |
| 2-PMPA | Exp | + | |
| 8. GABA Agonists | |||
| Clomethiazole | Exp | + | 114 |
| Clin | − | 115 | |
| Diazepam | Clin | IP | |
| 9. Anti adhesion molecules | |||
| Enlimomab | Exp | +/− | 136 |
| Clin | −− | 135 | |
| 10. MMP Inhibitors | 116 | ||
| Batimistat | Exp | + | |
| KB-R7785 | Exp | + | |
| BB-1101 | Exp | + | 138 |
| 11. Free Radical Scavengers | 116 | ||
| PBN | Exp | +/− | |
| Ebselen | Clin | IP | |
| MCI-186 | Exp | + | |
| NXY-059 | Exp | + | |
| Clin | +, IP | ||
| PEG-SOD | Clin | + | |
| Tirilazad | Exp | + | |
| Clin | +/− | ||
| MDL 74,180 | Exp | + | |
| TEMPO | Exp | + | |
| Nicaraven | Exp | + | |
| Clin | + | ||
| 12. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors | 116 | ||
| Mevastatin | Exp | + | |
| Atorvastatin | Exp | + | |
| Pravastatin | Clin | + | |
| Simvastatin | Exp | + | |
| Lovastatin | Exp | + |
Note.—Na indicates sodium; K, potassium; Ca, calcium; Exp, experimental study; Clin, clinical study; +, improved outcome; −, no effect; −−, worsened outcome; +/−, mixed results; IP, in progress.
The numbers 1–12 at each class of therapy correspond to the numbers 1–12 in Fig 1.