Mean, SD, and percentage difference relative to controls of brain MRS metabolite ratios in 3 patients with and 3 patients without COVID-19a
| Subject | No. Voxels | NAA/Crb | Cho/Crb | mI/Crb | Glx/Crb | Lac/Crc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-A | 7 | 0.61 ± 0.13 (−85%)d | 0.65 ± 0.05 (+80%)d | 1.17 ± 0.07 (+39%)d | 1.46 ± 0.20 (+51%)d | 0.76 ± 0.1 |
| COVID-B | 8 | 1.10 ± 0.15 (−33%)d | 0.54 ± 0.04 (+63%)d | 1.16 ± 0.09 (+38%)d | 1.40 ± 0.13 (+47%)d | 0 |
| COVID-C | 6 | 1.47 ± 0.08 (−5%) | 0.27 ± 0.03 (−4%) | 1.23 ± 0.10 (+44%)d | 1.04 ± 0.22 (+18%) | 0 |
| DPL | 8 | 0.81 ± 0.11 (−62%)d | 0.48 ± 0.02 (+53%)d | 1.09 ± 0.05 (+32%)d | 1.82 ± 0.14 (+71%)d | |
| SAE | 7 | 0.95 ± 0.16 (−47%)d | 0.32 ± 0.04 (+13%) | 0.61 ± 0.06 (−26%) | 1.10 ± 0.12 (+23%) | 0 |
| Control | 6 | 1.54 ± 0.17 | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 0.79 ± 0.04 | 0.87 ± 0.07 |
↵a Positive and negative percentages between parentheses indicate percentage difference compared to the control subject.
↵b Data measured on short-TE (TE = 30 ms) spectra.
↵c Data measured on long-TE (TE = 288 ms) spectra. No long-TE spectra were available for the DPL and control cases.
↵d Percentage differences of >30% in magnitude. The distribution of these metabolite ratio derangements in patients with COVID-A (leukoencephalopathy) and COVID-B (post-cardiac arrest) is similar to that of the patient with DPL.