Venous drainage patterns in FMR AVF
| Venous Angioarchitectural Type | Clinical Presentation (% of Cases) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pulsatile Tinnitus and/or Bruit | Orbital Symptoms | CN XII Palsy | Myelopathy | Hemorrhage | Headache | |
| Type 1 (n = 11) | 90.9% | 9.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 27.3% |
| Type 2 (n = 9) | 100.0% | 44.4% | 22.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 44.4% |
| Type 3 (n = 6) | 66.7% | 33.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 16.7% | 50.0% |
| Type 4 (n = 3) | 33.3% | 33.3% | 0.0% | 33.3% | 66.7% | 66.7% |