Clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 5 patients with stroke who had severe cervical carotid stenosis
| Patient No. (Age/Sex) | Comorbidities | Time from Ictus to Endovascular Treatment (hr:min) | NIHSS at Admission | Site of Occlusion | Treatment | Complications | Length of Hospital Stay (days) | NIHSS at Discharge | Discharge Disposition | Outcome | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IV tPA | IA tPA (mg) | IA ReoPro (mg) | IV ReoPro | Cervical ICA Stent Size (mm) | ||||||||||
| 1 (65/M) | HTN, MI | 4 | 22 | L ICA >90% stenosis; L tICA, M1, and A1 segment occlusion (T lesion) | Yes | 10.5 | 25 | Yes | 5 × 20 with 10% residual stenosis | None | 4 | 3 | Home | 6 months: no restenosis; 6 months: mRSa 0 |
| 2 (63/M) | HTN | 4 | 7 | R ICA >95% stenosis; R M2 and M3 segment occlusion | No | 5 | No | Yes | 7 × 30 with no residual stenosis | None | 4 | 2 | Home | 6 months: no restenosis; 8 months: mRS 1 |
| 3 (66/M) | HTN | 5:09 | 11 | L ICA >95% stenosis; L M1 segment occlusion | Yes | 15 | 20 | yes | 8 × 40 with 15% residual stenosis | None | 3 | 0 | Home | 3 months: no restenosis; 6 months: mRS 0 |
| 4 (53/M) | CAD, HTN | 3:40 | 8 | R ICA >95% stenosis; R M1, M2, and R A1, A2 segment occlusion | No | 11 | No | Yes | 6 × 40 with no residual stenosis | None | 5 | 2 | Home | 18 months: no restenosis; 24 months: mRS 0 |
| 5 (65/M) | None | 5:13 | 21 | L ICA >95% stenosis; L M1, M2 segment occlusion | Yes | 3.5 | No | Yes | 8 × 30 with 20% residual stenosis | R groin pseudoaneurysm; in-stent thrombosis; death | 16 | N/A | N/A | Death |
Note:—NIHSS indicates National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; IV, intravenous; IA, intra-arterial; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; L, left; R, right; ICA, internal carotid artery; HTN, hypertension; MI, myocardial infarction; tICA, terminal internal carotid artery; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; CAD, coronary artery disease.
a mRS scores are defined as follows: 0, no symptoms; 1, no significant disability despite symptoms—able to perform usual duties and activities; 2, slight disability—unable to perform all previous activities but able to look after own affairs without assistance; 3, moderate disability—requires some help, but able to walk without assistance; 4, moderately severe disability—unable to walk without assistance and unable to attend to own bodily needs without assistance; 5, severe disability—bedridden, incontinent, and requires constant nursing care and attention.