Cohort characteristics
| All MS | RRMS | SPMS | PPMS | Healthy | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. participants (no. nerves) | 104 (197) | 63 (120) | 23 (42) | 18 (35) | 15 (29) |
| No. women (%) | 67 (64) | 44 (71) | 14 (64) | 9 (50) | 13 (87) |
| Mean age, yr (range) | 46 (20–67) | 40 (20–62) | 54 (45–67) | 53 (40–66) | 38 (23–56) |
| Mean disease duration, yr (range) | 11 (0–44) | 8 (0–25) | 21 (2–39) | 10 (1–44) | N.A. |
| Median EDSS Score (range) | 3.5 (0–7.5) | 2 (0–6.5) | 6 (2.5–7) | 5.5 (2.5–7.5) | N.A. |
| Mean MSSS (SD) | 4.8 (2.6) | 3.9 (2.5) | 5.8 (2.1) | 7.0 (1.6) | N.A. |
| Prior ON, no. individuals (no. eyes) | 35 (38) | 27 (29) | 7 (8) | 1 (1) | 0 |
| Mean PRNFL thickness, μm (SD) | 90 (14) | 91 (15) | 86 (13) | 92 (13) | 102 (14) |
| Mean TMV, mm3 (SD) | 6.5 (0.5) | 6.5 (0.4) | 6.3 (0.5) | 6.6 (0.4) | 6.9 (0.4) |
| Mean monocular 100% contrast visual acuity, % correct (SD) | 84 (14) | 87 (13) | 82 (9) | 77 (19) | 88 (11) |
| Mean monocular 2.5% contrast visual acuity, % correct (SD) | 40 (17) | 42 (17) | 35 (15) | 37 (18) | 49 (14) |
| Mean monocular 1.25% contrast visual acuity, % correct (SD) | 16 (15) | 18 (16) | 12 (12) | 14 (14) | 27 (16) |
Note:—Summary statistics (except for medians) are derived from all data and account for multiple observations per participant (right vs left eye and across scans). For the MS cohort, OCT and visual acuity data were obtained within 30 days of each MR imaging scan. For the healthy volunteer cohort, we did not require temporal proximity.