Characteristics of the 52 patients in the study population
| Characteristics | (No.) (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (mean) (yr) | 59.1 ± 10.7 |
| Sex | |
| Male | 12 (23.1) |
| Female | 40 (76.9) |
| Type | |
| Idiopathic | 50 (96.2) |
| Traumatic | 2 (3.8) |
| Surgical | 0 (0.0) |
| Symptoms | |
| Ocular | 47 (90.4) |
| Cranial nerve palsy | 23 (44.2) |
| Headache | 15 (28.8) |
| Tinnitus | 11 (21.2) |
| Cognard classification | |
| IIa | 25 (48.1) |
| IIa+IIb | 13 (25.0) |
| III | 2 (3.8) |
| IV | 12 (23.1) |
| Side of shunts | |
| Right | 28 (53.8) |
| Left | 24 (46.2) |
| Contralateral-IPS occlusion | 42 (80.8) |