- Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: MR Black-Blood Thrombus Imaging with Enhanced Blood Signal Suppression
Twenty-six participants underwent conventional imaging methods followed by 2 randomized black-blood thrombus imaging scans, with a preoptimized DANTE preparation switched on and off, respectively. The signal intensity of residual blood, thrombus, brain parenchyma, normal lumen, and noise on black-blood thrombus images were measured. The thrombus volume, SNR of residual blood, and contrast-to-noise ratio for residual blood versus normal lumen, thrombus versus residual blood, and brain parenchyma versus normal lumen were compared between the 2 black-blood thrombus imaging techniques. The new black-blood thrombus imaging technique provided higher thrombus-to-residual blood contrast-to-noise ratio, significantly lower thrombus volume, and substantially improved diagnostic specificity and agreement with conventional imaging methods.
- Automatic Spinal Cord Gray Matter Quantification: A Novel Approach
The authors assessed the reproducibility and accuracy of cervical spinal cord gray matter and white matter cross-sectional area measurements using magnetization inversion recovery acquisition images and a fully automatic postprocessing segmentation algorithm. The cervical spinal cord of 24 healthy subjects was scanned in a test-retest fashion on a 3T MR imaging system. Twelve axial averaged magnetization inversion recovery acquisition slices were acquired over a 48-mm cord segment. GM and WM were both manually segmented by 2 experienced readers and compared with an automatic variational segmentation algorithm with a shape prior modified for 3D data with a slice similarity prior. Reproducibility was high for both methods, while being better for the automatic approach. The accuracy of the automatic method compared with the manual reference standard was excellent. They conclude that the fully automated postprocessing segmentation algorithm demonstrated an accurate and reproducible spinal cord GM and WM segmentation.
- Comparative Analysis of Volumetric High-Resolution Heavily T2-Weighted MRI and Time-Resolved Contrast-Enhanced MRA in the Evaluation of Spinal Vascular Malformations
The authors compared the efficacy of volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted and time-resolved contrast-enhanced images in spinal vascular malformation diagnosis and feeder characterization and assessed whether a combined evaluation improved the overall accuracy of diagnosis in 28 patients. Both sequences demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 93.5% accuracy for the detection of spinal vascular malformations. Volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted imaging was superior to time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR imaging for identification of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations while the opposite was observed for perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas. Both sequences showed equal sensitivity (100%) and accuracy (87%) for spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. They conclude that combined volumetric high-resolution heavily T2-weighted imaging and time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR imaging can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of spinal vascular malformation diagnosis, classification, and feeder characterization.
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