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In this cross-sectional study, SARS-CoV-2 infection effects on GM/WM volume, WM microstructure, cognitive performance, and peripheral cytokine concentrations were investigated. The study found that the NeuroPASC group had larger global and regional (prefrontal cortex and hippocampus) cerebral WM volume, more self-reported PASC symptoms, more headaches, lower psychometric performance, widespread higher mean kurtosis in WM microstructure, and different cytokine concentration profiles compared with controls. The authors conclude that immune dysregulation following SARS-CoV-2 infection might result in cerebral WM macrostructural and microstructural injury causing NeuroPASC clinical signs and symptoms.