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Research ArticlePediatrics

Syndromes of Bilateral Symmetrical Polymicrogyria

A. James Barkovich, Robert Hevner and Renzo Guerrini
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 1999, 20 (10) 1814-1821;
A. James Barkovich
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Robert Hevner
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Renzo Guerrini
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    fig 1.

    Case 1: 3-year-old girl with bifrontal polymicrogyria. Axial spin-echo (SE) (600/20) MR image shows shallow sulci with irregularity or the cortical–white matter junction, consistent with polymicrogyria, involving the entire frontal cortex posteriorly to the central sulcus.

    fig 2. Case 15: 10-month-old girl with bilateral holosylvian polymicrogyria.

    A, Axial reformation from 3D Fourier transformation (3DFT) gradient-echo (GRE) (35/7) image shows thickened, irregular cortex involving the entirety of the cortex surrounding the sylvian fissures and widening of the fissures.

    B, Sagittal reformation from 3DFT GRE (35/7) image shows that the entire perisylvian cortex (arrows) is abnormal.

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    fig 3.

    Case 12: 31-year-old man with bilateral posterior sylvian polymicrogyria.

    A, Axial SE (2500/80) image shows normal anterior perisylvian cortex, with thickening of the cortex (arrows) posteriorly.

    B, Sagittal SE (600/20) image shows that the abnormal posterior perisylvian cortex extends superiorly (arrows) to the parietal convexity.

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    fig 4.

    Case 19: 14-month-old boy with bilateral frontal and sylvian polymicrogyria. Axial SE (3000/120) image, obtained at age 3 months, shows polymicrogyria involving the orbital and medial surfaces of the frontal lobes and along the insular cortex. The opercula are too wide.

    fig 5. Case 16: 10-month-old girl with bilateral lateral parietal polymicrogyria. Axial SE (3000/120) image shows polymicrogyria over the parietal convexities (arrows) bilaterally.

    fig 6. Case 17: 6-year-old boy with bilateral parasagittal parieto-occipital polymicrogyria. Axial inversion-recovery (1600/16, IR = 400) image shows the irregular cortex (arrows) in a parasagittal location involving the parietal and occipital lobes.

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    fig 7.

    Case 20: 6-year-old boy with bilateral perisylvian and parasagittal parieto-occipital polymicrogyria.

    A, Axial SE (2800/80) image shows polymicrogyria (arrows) involving the posterior perisylvian cortex and extending posteriorly and medially into the parietal parasagittal region.

    B, Sagittal SE (550/11) image shows polymicrogyria continuing from the posterior sylvian area (white arrows) into the parieto-occipital area (black arrows).

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    fig 8.

    Case 21: 7-year-old girl with bilateral perisylvian, lateral parietal, and parieto-occipital polymicrogyria.

    A, Axial SE (2000/40) image shows polymicrogyria (arrows) involving the parasagittal parieto-occipital cortex and the lateral parietal cortex.

    B, Sagittal SE (600/20) image shows the polymicrogyria involving the entire perisylvian cortex (solid white arrows) and extending posteriorly into the parietal (open black arrows) and occipital (open white arrows) lobes.

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    Findings in 21 patients with polymicrogyria

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American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 20, Issue 10
1 Nov 1999
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Cite this article
A. James Barkovich, Robert Hevner, Renzo Guerrini
Syndromes of Bilateral Symmetrical Polymicrogyria
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 1999, 20 (10) 1814-1821;

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Syndromes of Bilateral Symmetrical Polymicrogyria
A. James Barkovich, Robert Hevner, Renzo Guerrini
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 1999, 20 (10) 1814-1821;
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  • A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development
  • Genetics of the polymicrogyria syndromes
  • Bilateral generalized polymicrogyria (BGP): A distinct syndrome of cortical malformation
  • Classification system for malformations of cortical development: Update 2001
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