Functional MR Imaging of the Auditory Cortex with Electrical Stimulation of the Promontory in 35 Deaf Patients Before Cochlea Implantation

References

1. ↵
   Lenarz T. Cochlear implants: selection criteria and shifting borders. Presented at: 13th Meeting of the Royal Belgian Society for Ear, Nose, Throat imaging and Head and Neck Surgery and the Belgian Society of Audiology; June 13,1998; Brussels
2. ↵
   Lenarz T. Cochlea-implantate. In: Physiologische Grundlagen und klinische Anwendung. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;1998 :12–18, 23, 28, 96, 123
3. ↵
   Weber BP, Dillo W, Dietrich B, Maneke I, Bertram B, Lenarz T. Pediatric cochlear implantation in cochlear malformations. Am J Otol 1998;19:747–753

   PubMed
4. ↵
   Truy E. Neuro-functional imaging and profound deafness. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999;47:131–136

   PubMed
5. ↵
   Obler R, Köstler H, Weber BP, Mack KF, Becker H. Safe electrical stimulation of the cochlear nerve at the promontory during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 1999;42:371–378

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Berthezene Y, Truy E, Morgon A, et al. Auditory cortex activation in deaf subjects during cochlear electrical stimulation. Invest Radiol 1997;32:297–301

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
7. ↵
   Strainer JC, Ulmer JL, Yetkin Z, Haughton VM, Daniels DL, Millen SJ. Functional MR of the primary auditory cortex: an analysis of pure tone activation and tone discrimination. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:601–610

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
8. ↵
   Millen SJ, Haughton VM, Yetkin Z. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the central auditory pathway following speech and pure-tone stimuli. Laryngoscope 1995;105:1305–1310

   PubMedWeb of Science
9. Binder JR, Rao SM, Hammeke TA, et al. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human auditory cortex. Ann Neurol 1994;35:662–672

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
10. Ulualp SO, Biswal BB, Yetkin FZ, Kidder TM. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of auditory cortex in children. Laryngoscope 1998;108:1782–1786

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
11. ↵
    Bilecen D, Scheffler K, Schmid N, Tschopp K, Seelig J. Tonotopic organization of the human auditory cortex as detected by BOLD-FMRI. Hearing Res 1998;126:19–27

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
12. Elliott LL. Functional brain imaging and hearing. J Acoust Soc Am 1994;96:1397–1408

    PubMed
13. ↵
    Liu G, Lantos G, Shafer V, Knuth K, Vaughan H. Cortical auditory and phonetic processing: an fMRI study. NeuroImage 1997;5:187
14. ↵
    Miyamoto RT, Wong D, Pisoni DB, Hutchins G, Sehgal M, Fain R. Positron emission tomography in cochlear implant and auditory brain stem implant recipients. Am J Otol 1999;20:596–601

    PubMed
15. ↵
    Wong D, Miyamoto T, Pisoni DB, Sehgal M, Hutchins GD. PET imaging of cochlear-implant and normal-hearing subjects listening to speech and nonspeech. Hear Res 1999;132:34–42

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
16. ↵
    Calvert GA, Bullmore ET, Brammer MJ, et al. Activation of auditory cortex during silent lipreading. Science 1997;276:593–596

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. ↵
    Levänen S, Jousmäki V, Hari R. Vibration-induced auditory-cortex activation in a congenitally deaf adult. Curr Biol 1998;8:869–872

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. ↵
    Hofman E, Preibisch C, Knaus C, Müller J, Kremser C, Teissl C. Noninvasive direct stimulation of the cochlear nerve for functional MR imaging of the auditory cortex. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:1970–1972

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. ↵
    Kretschmann HJ, Weinrich, W. Neurofunctional Systems, 3D Reconstructions with Correlated Neuroimaging. Stuttgart: Thieme;1998 :54–63
20. ↵
    Kretschmann HJ, Weinrich, W. Neurofunctional Systems 3D Reconstructions with Correlated Neuroimaging [CD-ROM edition]. Stuttgart: Thieme Interactive;1999
21. ↵
    FitzGerald MJT. Neuroanatomy: Basic and Clinical. 2nd ed. London: Baillière Tindall;1992 :237
22. ↵
    Nieuwenhuys R, Voogd J, Huijzen C van. Das Zentralnervensystem des Menschen: Ein Atlas mit Begleittext. 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;1991 :158, 175–180
23. ↵
    Fibras W. Makroskopische und mikroskopische Anatomie des statoakustischen Organs Hörleitung. In: Drenckhahn D, Zenker W, eds. Benninghoff Anatomie Makroskopische Anatomie, Embryologie und Histologie des Menschen Bd. 2 15th ed. München: Urban & Schwarzenberg;1994 :758 ,762
24. ↵
    Talairach J, Tournoux P. Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain. Stuttgart: Thieme;1988 :93–108
25. ↵
    Zimmermann M. Das somatoviszerale sensorische System. In: Schmidt R, Thews G, Lang H, eds. Physiologie des Menschen. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;2000 :233–235
26. ↵
    Lesinski A, Littmann X, Battmer RD, Lenarz T. Comparison of preoperative electrostimulation data using an ear-canal electrode and a promotory needle electrode. Am J Otol 1997;18:88–89
27. ↵
    Littmann X.-K. Qualitativer und quantitativer Vergleich zwischen Gehörgangsstimulation und Promontoriumstest zur Überprüfung der Funktionstüchtigkeit des Hörnerven [thesis]. Hannover: Medical School Hannover;1998
28. ↵
    Jerger J. Functional asymmetries in the auditory system. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997;106:23–30
29. ↵
    Nishizawa Y, Olsen TS, Larsen B, Lassen NA. Left-right cortical asymmetries of regional cerebral blood flow during listening to words. J Neurophysiol 1982;48:458–466

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
30. ↵
    Yarowsky P, Ingvar DH. Neuronal activity and energy metabolism. Fed Proc 1981;40:2353–2363

    PubMedWeb of Science
31. ↵
    Raichle ME. Circulatory and metabolic correlates of brain function in normal humans. In: Mountcastle VB, Plum F, Geiger SR, eds. Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System. Bethesda: American Physiological Society;1987 :643–674