Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
A, Lateral (left) conventional radiograph of the occipital cranium and cervical spine of a dog demonstrate the microcatheter and microguidewire inserted into the ventral CM. Right part of A is an enlargement of the rectangular area on the left.
B, Photograph of a gross specimen shows the ventral surface of the brain stem after injection of 0.5 ml/kg autologous fresh blood. The BA is completely embedded in clotted subarachnoid blood.
- Fig 2.
Representative serial angiograms of the canine BA.
A, Physiologic saline (0.5 ml/kg) was injected into the ventral CM. No constriction is noted during the 14-day observation period.
B, Autologous blood (0.25 ml/kg) was injected into the ventral CM. Severe constriction is present on day 3. Over time, the diameter of the BA gradually returns to normal.
C, Autologous blood (0.5 ml/kg) was injected into the ventral CM. There are sites with severe arterial constriction on days 3 and 7 after SAH induction; severe vasoconstriction persists on days 10 and 14.
- Fig 3.
Graphic presentation of the percent changes in the diameter of the BA on days 0 (before SAH), 3, 7, 10, and 14. Autologous fresh blood (0.5 or 0.25 ml/kg) or physiologic saline was injected into the ventral CM. Apparent arterial narrowing was observed in the 0.25 ml/kg SAH group on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 compared with the control group (* indicates P < .05). Arterial narrowing was more severe and persistent in the 0.5 ml/kg SAH group on days 7, 10, and 14 than in the the 0.25 ml/kg SAH group (** indicates P < .05). No arterial narrowing was apparent in the saline-injected control group.
- Fig 4.
Light-microscopic appearance of the BA removed at autopsy on the 7th post-SAH day (elastica van Gieson stain; original magnification, x100). Black bars in A and B indicate 100 μm.
A, Physiologic saline (0.5 ml/kg) was injected into the ventral CM. The diameter of the BA is normal.
B, Autologous blood (0.5 ml/kg) was injected into the ventral CM. There is severe narrowing of the vessel diameter, with folding and corrugation of the internal elastic lamina.
