Recanalization by Mechanical Embolus Disruption during Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis in the Carotid Territory

References

1. ↵
   Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke, the PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial—Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA 1999;282:2003–2011

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
2. Lewandowski CA, Frankel M, Tomsick TA, et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial r-TPA versus intra-arterial therapy of acute ischemic stroke: emergency management of stroke (EMS) bridging trial. Stroke 1999;30:2598–2605

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
3. ↵
   Del Zoppo GJ, Higashida RT, Furlan AJ, Pessin MS, Rowley HA, Gent M. PROACT: a phase II randomized trial of recombinant pro-urokinase by direct arterial delivery in acute middle cerebral artery stroke. Stroke 1998;29:4–11

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
4. ↵
   Barnwell S, Clark WM, Nguyen TT, O’Neill OR, Wynn ML, Coull BM. Safety and efficacy of delayed intraarterial urokinase therapy with mechanical clot disruption for thromboembolic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15:1817–1822

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
5. ↵
   Edwards MT, Murphy MM, Geraghty JJ, Wulf JA, Konzen JP. Intra-arterial cerebral thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in a community hospital. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:1682–1687

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
6. ↵
   Nesbit GM, Clark WM, O’Neill O, Barnwell SL. Intracranial intraarterial thrombolysis facilitated by microcatheter navigation through an occluded cervical internal carotid artery. J Neurosurg 1996;84:387–392

   PubMedWeb of Science
7. ↵
   Qureshi AI, Ali Z, Siddiqui AM, et al. Aggressive mechanical clot disruption and low-dose intra-arterial third-generation thrombolytic agent for ischemic stroke: a prospective study. Neurosurgery 2002;51:1319–1329

   PubMedWeb of Science
8. ↵
   Tsai FY, Berberian B, Matovich V, Lavin M, Alfieri K. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty adjunct to thrombolysis for acute middle cerebral artery rethrombosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15:1823–1829

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
9. ↵
   Sasaki O, Takeuchi S, Koizumi T, Koike T, Tanaka R. Complete recanalization via fibrinolytic therapy can reduce the number of ischemic territories that progress to infarction. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996;17:1661–1668

   Abstract
10. ↵
    Brott T, Adams HP, Olinger CP, et al. Measurement of acute cerebral infarction: a clinical examination scale. Stroke 1989;20:864–870

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. ↵
    Van Swieten JC, Koudstaal PJ, Visser MC, Schouten HJ, Van Gigin J. Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke 1988;19:604–607

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
12. ↵
    Lisboa RC, Jovanovic BD, Alberts MJ. Analysis of the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke. Stroke 2002;33:2866–2871

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
13. ↵
    Kandarpa K, Drinker PA, Singer SJ, Caramore D. Forceful pulsatile local infusion of enzyme accelerates thrombolysis: in vivo evaluation of a new delivery system. Radiology 1988;168:739–744

    PubMedWeb of Science
14. ↵
    Qureshi AI, Ali Z, Suri FK, et al. Intra-arterial third-generation recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (Reteplase) for acute ischemic stroke. Neurosurgery 2001;49:41–50

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
15. ↵
    Sasaki O, Takeuchi S, Koike T, Koizumi T, Tanaka R. Fibrinolytic therapy for acute embolic stroke: intravenous, intracarotid, and intra-arterial local approaches. Neurosurgery 1995;36:246–253

    PubMedWeb of Science
16. ↵
    Nakano S, Iseda T, Yoneyama T, Kawano H, Wakisaka S. Direct percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for acute middle cerebral artery trunk occlusion: an alternative option to intra-arterial thrombolysis. Stroke 2002;33:2872–2876

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. ↵
    Takis C, Kwan ES, Pessin MS, Jacobs DH, Caplan DH. Intracranial angioplasty: experience and complications AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997;18:1661–1668

    Abstract
18. ↵
    Arnold M, Schroth G, Nedeltchev K, et al. Intra-arterial thrombolysis in 100 patients with acute stroke due to middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 2002;33:1828–1833

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. ↵
    Ernst R, Pancioli A, Tomsick T, et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 2000;31:2552–2557

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
20. Suarez JI, Zaidat OO, Sunshine JL, Tarr R, Selman WR, Landis D. Endovascular administration after intravenous infusion of thrombolytic agents for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic strokes. Neurosurgery 2002;50:251–260

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
21. ↵
    Zaidat OO, Suarez JI, Santillan C, et al. Response to intra-arterial and combined intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy in patients with distal internal carotid artery occlusion. Stroke 2002;33:1821–1827

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
22. ↵
    Jansen O, von Kummer R, Forsting M, Hacke W, Sartor K. Thrombolytic therapy in acute occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery bifurcation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:1977–1986

    Abstract
23. ↵
    Gonner F, Remonda L, Mattle H, et al. Local intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998;29:1894–1900

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
24. Jahan R, Duckwiller GR, Kidwell CS, et al. Intraarterial thrombolysis for treatment of acute stroke: experience in 26 patients with long-term follow-up. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999;20:1291–1299

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
25. ↵
    Von Kummer R, Holle R, Rosin L, Forsting M, Hacke W. Does arterial recanalization improve outcome in carotid territory stroke? Stroke 1995;26:581–587

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
26. ↵
    Meyer FB, Piepgras DG, Sandok BA, Sundt TM Jr., Forbes G. Emergency carotid endarterectomy for patients with acute carotid occlusion and profound neurological deficits. Ann Surg 1986;203:82–89

    PubMedWeb of Science
27. ↵
    Toni D, Fiorelli M, Gentile M, et al. Progressing neurological deficit secondary to acute ischemic stroke: a study on predictability, pathogenesis, and prognosis. Arch Neurol 1995;52:670–675

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
28. ↵
    Kucinski T, Koch C, Grzyska U, Freitag HJ, Kromer H, Zeumer H. The predictive value of early CT and angiography for fatal hemispheric swelling in acute stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1988;19:839–846
29. ↵
    Suarez JI, Sunshine JL, Tarr R, et al. Predictors of clinical improvement, angiographic recanalization, and intracranial hemorrhage after intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 1999;30:2094–2100

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
30. ↵
    Cambell JK, Houser OW, Steven JC, et al. Computed tomography and radionuclide imaging in the evaluation of ischemic stroke. Radiology 1978;126:695–699

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
31. ↵
    Del Zoppo GJ, von Kummer R, Hamann GF. Ischaemic damage of brain microvessels: inherent risks for thrombolytic treatment in stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998;65:1–9

    FREE Full Text
32. ↵
    National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke: The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1581–1587

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science