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MR Imaging of Human Herpesvirus-6–Associated Encephalitis in 4 Patients with Anterograde Amnesia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation

R.J.T. Gorniak, G.S. Young, D.E. Wiese, F.M. Marty and R.B. Schwartz
American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2006, 27 (4) 887-891;
R.J.T. Gorniak
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G.S. Young
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D.E. Wiese
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F.M. Marty
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R.B. Schwartz
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    Fig 1.

    Patient 1. Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging (A), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (B), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping (C) performed on admission show T2 prolongation in the medial temporal lobes with reduced diffusion on the right. Follow-up FLAIR images obtained at approximately 5 weeks (D) and 8 weeks (E) after admission show persistent T2 prolongation in the medial temporal lobes and mild volume loss more pronounced in the medial temporal lobes.

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    Fig 2.

    Patient 2. Axial T2-weighted image (A), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (B), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping (C), and coronal postcontrast T1-weighted (E) image obtained on admission show left medial temporal T2 prolongation on fast spin-echo T2-weighted image and DWI (“T2 shine-through” effect) as confirmed by ADC map demonstrating normal diffusivity. Axial T2-weighted and coronal T1 postcontrast images at the same level performed 3 months later (D) show resolution of abnormal T2 signal intensity with interval mild volume loss, most apparent in the medial temporal lobes (F).

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    Fig 3.

    Patient 3. Axial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (A) and FLAIR imaging of the temporal lobes performed 2 days (B), 3 weeks (C), and 4 months (D) after admission demonstrate initial T2 prolongation in the medial temporal lobes with subsequent gradual normalization of signal intensity abnormality culminating in complete resolution by 4 months.

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    Fig 4.

    Patient 4. Axial FLAIR image (A) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (B) through the temporal lobes obtained on admission show no medial temporal lobe abnormality. Axial FLAIR image (C), DWI (D), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping (E) obtained 5 days later revealed new medial temporal T2 prolongation both on FLAIR and diffusion-weighted images. ADC map demonstrates normal diffusivity.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 27 (4)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 27, Issue 4
April 2006
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R.J.T. Gorniak, G.S. Young, D.E. Wiese, F.M. Marty, R.B. Schwartz
MR Imaging of Human Herpesvirus-6–Associated Encephalitis in 4 Patients with Anterograde Amnesia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
American Journal of Neuroradiology Apr 2006, 27 (4) 887-891;

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MR Imaging of Human Herpesvirus-6–Associated Encephalitis in 4 Patients with Anterograde Amnesia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
R.J.T. Gorniak, G.S. Young, D.E. Wiese, F.M. Marty, R.B. Schwartz
American Journal of Neuroradiology Apr 2006, 27 (4) 887-891;
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  • Human herpes 6 virus encephalitis complicating allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
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