Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
A, Circular ring device with a beveled edge. The lower margin provides a comfortable injection window while maintaining compression through the elevated margin. Circular ring devices can be constructed by cutting a plastic cup body. B, Plan diagram of the device.
- Fig 2.
A 37-year-old man (patient 4) with a growing pulsatile mass and bruit caused by a long-standing high-flow arteriovenous fistula in the right anterior lower neck. A, Cutaneous branches of the right external carotid artery are dilated. Multiple dilated venous pouches are connected to the external jugular vein. B, During the compression around the shunt by the circular ring device, contrast medium stagnates within the device margin. C, Final angiogram obtained after glue embolization shows no further shunt. D, Surgical resection specimens were obtained by en bloc resection. Note the presence of glue in the dilated malformed vessels (arrow).
Tables
Summary of clinical information and the findings of pre-embolization angiography
Patient No. Age/Sex Lesion location Etiology Feeding artery Draining vein n-BCA concentration No. of injections Degree (%) of embolization 1 11/M Scalp AVM Bilateral STA, ophthalmic artery Superficial scalp, supraorbital veins 30% 5 90 2 55/M Scalp AVM Bilateral STA, ophthalmic artery Superficial scalp, supraorbital veins 30–40% 1 100 3 9/M Scalp AVM STA Superficial scalp veins 30% 2 100 4 37/M Right lower neck High-flow fistula External carotid artery, thyrocervical trunk External jugular veins 40–50% 4 80 Note:—n-BCA indicates n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate; AVM, arteriovenous malformation; STA, superficial temporal artery.
