Arterial Spin-Labeling and MR Spectroscopy in the Differentiation of Gliomas

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Noninvasive grading of gliomas remains a challenge despite its important role in the prognosis and management of patients with intracranial neoplasms. In this study, we evaluated the ability of cerebral blood flow (CBF)-guided voxel-by-voxel analysis of multivoxel proton MR spectroscopic imaging (¹H-MRSI) to differentiate low-grade from high-grade gliomas.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 35 patients with primary gliomas (22 high grade and 13 low grade) underwent continuous arterial spin-labeling perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and ¹H-MRSI. Different regions of the gliomas were categorized as “hypoperfused,” “isoperfused,” and “hyperperfused” on the basis of the average CBF obtained from contralateral healthy white matter. ¹H-MRSI indices were computed from these regions and compared between low- and high-grade gliomas. Using a similar approach, we applied a subgroup analysis to differentiate low- from high-grade oligodendrogliomas because they show different physiologic and genetic characteristics.

RESULTS: Cho_{glioma (G)/white matter (WM)}, Glx_G/WM, and Lip+Lac_G/Cr_WM were significantly higher in the “hyperperfused” regions of high-grade gliomas compared with low-grade gliomas. Cho_G/WM and Lip+Lac_G/Cr_WM were also significantly higher in the “hyperperfused” regions of high-grade oligodendrogliomas. However, metabolite ratios from the “hypoperfused” or “isoperfused” regions did not exhibit any significant differences between high-grade and low-grade gliomas.

CONCLUSION: The results suggest that ¹H-MRSI indices from the “hyperperfused” regions of gliomas, on the basis of PWI, may be helpful in distinguishing high-grade from low-grade gliomas including oligodendrogliomas.