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Characteristics Study Participants (n = 359) Demographic data Age, years 63.2; 9.1 Male 281 (78.3%) Vascular risk factors Hypertension 226 (63%) Diabetes mellitus 143 (39.8%) Dyslipidemia 158 (44%) Smoking habits 176 (49%) Ischemic heart disease 105 (29.3%) Peripheral arterial disease 104 (29%) Carotid plaque Grade (%) of stenosis 87.8; 8.6 Symptomatic stenosis 313 (87.2%) Procedures Stent 205 (57.4%) Distal protection device 55 (15.3%) Convulsive Movements (n = 81) Absence of convulsive movements 17 (21%) Convulsive movements* 64 (79%) Tonic spasm 38 (46.9%) Bilateral 37 (45.6%) Unilateral 1 (1.2%) Myoclonic jerks 18 (22.2%) Bilateral 10 (12.3%) Unilateral 8 (9.8%) Oculocephalic conjugate deviation 14 (17.2%) Flexion forced spasm 12 (14.8%) * Eighteen patients showed 2 types of convulsive movements.
Type of Syncope No. (%) EEG Changes S SFS Cardioinhibitory 61 (75.3) 24 37 Vasodepressor/mixed 7 (8.6) 4 3 Not related to asystole/hypotension 13 (16) 12 1 Total 81 (100) 40 (49.4%) 41 (50.6%) Note:—S indicates slowing; SFS, slowing-flattening-slowing.
Hemodynamic Differences Not Related to Asystole/Hypotension (n = 10) Cardioinhibitory/Vasodepressor/Mixed (n = 56) P Contralateral ICA stenosis ≥70% 7 (70%) 22 (40%) .2 Abnormal cerebral vasoreactivity 6 (60%) 9 (16%) .04 Nonfunctioning AcomA 6 (60%) 17 (30.4%) .07 Nonfunctioning PcomA 7 (77.8%) 31 (58.5%) .23 Nonfunctioning AcomA plus nonfunctioning PcomA 5 (50%) 10 (18.5%) .03 Note:—AcomA indicates anterior communicating artery; PcomA, posterior communicating artery; ICA, internal carotid artery.
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