Association of White Matter Hyperintensity Measurements on Brain MR Imaging with Cognitive Status, Medial Temporal Atrophy, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

References

1. 1.↵
   1. Kapeller P,
   2. Barber R,
   3. Vermeulen RJ,
   4. et al

   . Visual rating of age-related white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke 2003;34:441–45

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
2. 2.↵
   1. Fazekas F,
   2. Kapeller P,
   3. Schmidt R,
   4. et al

   . The relation of cerebral magnetic resonance signal hyperintensities to Alzheimer's disease. J Neurolog Sci 1996;142:121–25

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
3. 3.↵
   1. Wahlund LO,
   2. Barkhof F,
   3. Fazekas F,
   4. et al

   . A new scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT. Stroke 2001;32:1318–22

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
4. 4.↵
   1. Flier WM,
   2. Barkhof F,
   3. Scheltens P

   . Shifting paradigms in dementia. Ann NY Acad Sci 2007;1097:215–24

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. 5.↵
   1. Rosano C,
   2. Alzenstein H,
   3. Wu M,
   4. et al

   . Focal atrophy and cerebrovascular disease increase dementia risk among cognitively normal older adults. J Neuroimaging 2007;17:148–55

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. 6.↵
   1. Golomb J,
   2. Kluger A,
   3. Gionutsos ,
   4. et al

   . Nonspecific leukoencephalopathy associated with aging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 1995;5:33–44

   PubMed
7. 7.↵
   1. Stolp H,
   2. Dziegielewska K

   . Role of developmental inflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2009;35:132–46

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
8. 8.↵
   1. Black S,
   2. Gao FQ,
   3. Bilbao J

   . Understanding white matter disease. Imaging-pathological correlations in vascular cognitive impairment. Stroke 2008;40:S48–52

   PubMed
9. 9.↵
   1. Du AT,
   2. Schuff N,
   3. Chao LL,
   4. et al

   . White matter lesions are associated with cortical atrophy more than entorhinal and hippocampal atrophy. Neurobiol Aging 2005;26:553–59

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
10. 10.↵
    1. Gouw A,
    2. Seewann H,
    3. Vrenken WM,
    4. et al

    . Heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: post-mortem quantitative MRI and neuropathology. Brain 2008;131:3286–98

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. 11.↵
    1. Englund E

    . Neuropathology of white matter changes in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 1998;9:6–12

    PubMed
12. 12.↵
    1. Young VG,
    2. Halliday GM,
    3. Kril JJ

    . Neuropathologic correlates of white matter hyperintensities. Neurology 2008;71:804–11

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
13. 13.↵
    1. Bronge L,
    2. Bogdanovic N,
    3. Wahlund L-O

    . Postmortem MRI and histopathology of white matter changes in Alzheimer brains: a quantitative, comparative study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2002;13:205–12

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
14. 14.↵
    1. Jack CR,
    2. Dickson DW,
    3. Parisi JE,
    4. et al

    . Antemortem MRI findings correlate with hippocampal neuropathology in typical aging and dementia. Neurology 2002;58:750–57

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
15. 15.↵
    1. Bobinski M,
    2. de Leon MJ,
    3. Wegiel J,
    4. et al

    . The histological validation of post mortem magnetic resonance imaging-determined hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 2000;95:721–25

    PubMedWeb of Science
16. 16.↵
    1. Gosche KM,
    2. Mortimer JA,
    3. Smith CD,
    4. et al

    . Hippocampal volume as an index of Alzheimer neuropathology: findings from the Nun Study. Neurology 2002;58:1476–82

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. 17.↵
    1. Likeman M,
    2. Anderson VM,
    3. Stevens JM,
    4. et al

    . Visual assessment of atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of pathologically confirmed young-onset dementias. Arch Neurol 2005;62:1410–15

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. 18.↵
    1. Barkhof F,
    2. Polvikoski TM,
    3. van Straaten EC,
    4. et al

    . The significance of medial temporal lobe atrophy: a postmortem MRI study in the very old. Neurology 2007;69:1521–27

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
19. 19.↵
    1. Urs R,
    2. Potter E,
    3. Barker W,
    4. et al

    . Visual rating system for assessing magnetic resonance images: a tool in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer Disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009;33:73–78

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
20. 20.↵
    1. Duara R,
    2. Loewenstein DA,
    3. Potter E,
    4. et al

    . Medial temporal lobe atrophy on MRI scans and the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 2008;71:1986–92

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
21. 21.↵
    1. Roberts RO,
    2. Geda YE,
    3. Knopman DS,
    4. et al

    . Association of duration and severity of diabetes mellitus with mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2008;65:1066–73

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
22. 22.↵
    1. Roberts RO,
    2. Knopman DS,
    3. Geda YE,
    4. et al

    . Coronary heart disease is associated with non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 12 15. [Epub ahead of print]
23. 23.↵
    1. Knopman DS,
    2. Roberts RO,
    3. Geda YE,
    4. et al

    . Association of prior stroke with cognitive function and cognitive impairment: a population-based study. Arch Neurol 2009;66:614–19

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
24. 24.↵
    1. Petersen RD,
    2. Doody R,
    3. Kurz A,
    4. et al

    . Current concepts in mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2001;58:1985–92

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
25. 25.↵
    1. Folstein M,
    2. Folstein S,
    3. McHugh P

    . Mini-mental state: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975;12:189–98

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
26. 26.↵
    1. Loewenstein DA,
    2. Barker WW,
    3. Harwood DG,
    4. et al

    . Utility of a modified Mini-Mental State Examination with extended delayed recall in screening for mild cognitive impairment and dementia among community dwelling elders. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15:434–40

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
27. 27.↵
    1. Morris JC

    . The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules. Neurology 1993;43:2412–14

    FREE Full Text
28. 28.↵
    1. Fuld PA

    . Fuld Object-Memory Evaluation. Wood Dale, Ill: Stoelting Co; 1981
29. 29.↵
    1. Lacritz LH,
    2. Cullum CM,
    3. Weiner M.,
    4. et al

    . Comparison of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised to the California Verbal Learning Test in Alzheimer's Disease. Appl Neuropsychol 2001;8:180–84

    CrossRefPubMed
30. 30.↵
    1. Golden JC

    . Stroop Color and Word Test. Chicago: Stoelting Co; 1978
31. 31.↵
    1. McKhann G,
    2. Drachman DA,
    3. Folstein MF,
    4. et al

    . Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of the Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1984;34:939–44

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
32. 32.↵
    1. Petersen RC,
    2. Smith GE,
    3. Waring SC,
    4. et al

    . Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcome. Arch Neurol 1999;56:303–08

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
33. 33.↵
    1. de Carli C,
    2. Murphy DG,
    3. Tranh M,
    4. et al

    . The effect of white matter hyperintensity volume on brain structure, cognitive performance, and cerebral metabolism of glucose in 51 healthy adults. Neurology 1995;45:2077–84

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
34. 34.↵
    1. Bombois S,
    2. Debette S,
    3. Delbeuck X,
    4. et al

    . Prevalence of subcortical vascular lesions and association with executive function in mild cognitive impairment subtypes. Stroke 2007;38:2595–97

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
35. 35.↵
    1. Miller GA,
    2. Chapman JP

    . Misunderstanding analysis of covariance. J Abnorm Psychol 2001;110:40–48

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
36. 36.↵
    1. de Leon MJ,
    2. Golomb J,
    3. George AE,
    4. et al

    . The radiologic prediction of Alzheimer disease: the atrophic hippocampal formation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1993;14:897–906

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
37. 37.↵
    1. de Leon MJ,
    2. George AE,
    3. Golomb J,
    4. et al

    . Frequency of hippocampal formation atrophy in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1997;18:1–11

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
38. 38.↵
    1. Kantarci K,
    2. Jack CR,
    3. Xu YC,
    4. et al

    . Mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: regional diffusivity of water. Radiology 2001;219:101–07

    PubMedWeb of Science
39. 39.↵
    1. van den Heuvel DM,
    2. ten Dam VH,
    3. de Craen AJ,
    4. et al

    . Increase in periventricular white matter hyperintensities parallels decline in mental processing speed in a non-demented elderly population. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006;77:149–53

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
40. 40.↵
    1. Wright CB,
    2. Festa JR,
    3. Paik MC,
    4. et al

    . White matter hyperintensities and subclinical infarction: associations with psychomotor speed and cognitive flexibility. Stroke 2008;39:800

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
41. 41.↵
    1. Firbank MJ,
    2. Burton EJ,
    3. Barber R,
    4. et al

    . Medial temporal atrophy rather than white matter hyperintensities predict cognitive decline in stroke survivors. Neurobiol Aging 2007;11:1664–69
42. 42.↵
    1. van de Pol LA,
    2. Korf ES,
    3. van der Flier WM,
    4. et al

    . Magnetic resonance imaging predictors of cognition in mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2007;64:1023–28

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
43. 43.↵
    1. van Straaten EC,
    2. Harvey D,
    3. Scheltens P,
    4. et al

    . Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Group: periventricular white matter hyperintensities increase the likelihood of progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia. J Neurol 2008;255:1302–08

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
44. 44.↵
    1. Modrego PJ,
    2. Rios C,
    3. Pérez Trullen JM,
    4. et al

    . The cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease and its influence on clinical variables. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2008;23:91–96

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
45. 45.↵
    1. Debette S,
    2. Bombois S,
    3. Bruandet A,
    4. et al

    . Subcortical hyperintensities are associated with cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Stroke 2007;38:2924–30

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
46. 46.↵
    1. Schneider JA,
    2. Arvanitakis Z,
    3. Bang W,
    4. et al

    . Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons. Neurology 2007;69:2197–204

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
47. 47.↵
    1. Reitz C,
    2. Tang MX,
    3. Manly J,
    4. et al

    . Hypertension and the risk of mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 2007;67:1734–40