Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Spinal AVF of the filum terminale (patient 3). A, Sagittal T2-weighted image shows vascular signal-intensity voids with high signal intensity in the lower spinal cord and large signal intensity voids (arrows) on the filum terminale. B and C, Selective angiograms of the right L1 radiculomedullary artery represent an AVF on the filum terminale (L4 level, arrow in B). The feeder of this AVF is the anterior spinal artery and draining vein, which has 3 aneurysmal dilations (arrows in C) is the perimedullary vein running upward. D, A venous aneurysm and the proximal venous side of the AVF are embolized with detachable coils (arrow in D) and n-BCA
- Fig 2.
Spinal AVF of the filum terminale (patient 4). A, Selective spinal angiogram of the right L4 radiculomedullary artery shows a vascular nidus (arrow) and early draining veins B and C, Selective spinal angiograms of the left lateral sacral artery represent the same nidus (long arrow in B), draining veins. (short arrows in B), and dilated perimedullary vein running upward (thick arrow in B) and filling the anterior spinal artery (arrows in C) beyond the nidus. D, Postembolization lumbar spine anteroposterior view shows the embolized nidus, draining veins with n-BCA, an a detachable coil (arrow) for protection of the anterior spinal artery during embolization.
- Fig 3.
Spinal AVF of the filum terminale (patient 1). A, Sagittal T2-weighted image shows high signal intensity in the conus with vascular signal-intensity voids (arrow) around the conus, raising the suspicion of a vascular spinal abnormality. B and C, Selective spinal angiograms show a feeding artery as a continuation of the anterior spinal artery, which is running downward to the site of the AVF on the filum terminale (L3 level, arrow in B) and the draining vein (arrow in C), which is running upward.
Tables
Patient demographics, angiographic and MR imaging findings, and treatments of spinal AVFs on the filum terminale
No. Age (yr)/Sex Feeder Draining Vein MR Imaging Findings Fistula Site Treatment 1 60/M ASA from Lt L1 Upward perimedullary SV, high SI in conus L3 Surgery 2 48/M ASA from Lt T10 Upward perimedullary SV, high SI in conus with swelling L4–5 Surgery 3 53/F ASA from Rt L1 Upward perimedullary SV, high SI in T9 cord with swelling L4–5 Endovas 4 63/F ASA from Rt L4, Lt lateral sacral artery Upward perimedullary SV L3–4 Endovas
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