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Figures
- Fig 1.
Symptomatic patient with MR DWI (A) demonstrating focal infarcts in the bilateral distributions (white arrows). TOF MR angiography MIP (B) and source images (C) confirm severe stenosis in an A2 azygous ACA segment. Axial T1-weighted-pre (D) and T1-weighted-post contrast (E) images identify enhancing ICAD plaque (inset) involving the azygous A2 ACA segment. Methodology of plaque/wall area measurements are demonstrated (F), with solid black line delineating outer wall boundary and dotted line segmenting the vessel lumen denoted as “L.”
- Fig 2.
Asymptomatic patient with history of stroke receiving follow-up imaging. TOF MRA reveals severe basilar stenosis in MIP (A) and source images (B). Axial T1WI precontrast (C) and postcontrast (D) demonstrates nonenhancing ICAD plaque.
Tables
Patient Characteristics Symptomatic Asymptomatic n 10 9 Age, y 66.7 (SD, 11.7; range, 46–83) 70.9 (SD, 6.7; range 60–81) Sex 7 M; 3 F 6 M; 3 F Active smoker 1 (10%) 1 (11%) History of ischemic stroke 6 (60%) 0 (0%) TIA 10 (100%) 1 (11%)a Diabetes mellitus 5 (50%) 4 (44%) Hypertension 10 (100%) 7 (78%) Hyperlipidemia 9 (90%) 7 (78%) Statin therapy 8 (80%) 5 (56%) Antiplatelet therapy 6 (60%) 4 (44%) Hypertension therapy 8 (80%) 5 (56%) Atrial fibrillation 0 (0%) 0 (0%) Anticoagulant therapy 2 (20%) 1 (11%) IPE 7 (70%) 1 (11%) ↵a History of TIA.
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