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Research ArticleBrain

Migration: A Notable Feature of Cerebral Sparganosis on Follow-Up MR Imaging

Y.-X. Li, H. Ramsahye, B. Yin, J. Zhang, D.-Y. Geng and C.-S. Zee
American Journal of Neuroradiology February 2013, 34 (2) 327-333; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3237
Y.-X. Li
aFrom the Department of Radiology (Y.-X.L., H.R., B.Y., J.Z., D.-Y.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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H. Ramsahye
aFrom the Department of Radiology (Y.-X.L., H.R., B.Y., J.Z., D.-Y.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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B. Yin
aFrom the Department of Radiology (Y.-X.L., H.R., B.Y., J.Z., D.-Y.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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J. Zhang
aFrom the Department of Radiology (Y.-X.L., H.R., B.Y., J.Z., D.-Y.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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D.-Y. Geng
aFrom the Department of Radiology (Y.-X.L., H.R., B.Y., J.Z., D.-Y.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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C.-S. Zee
bDivision of Neuroradiology (C.-S.Z.), Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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    Fig 1.

    Case 9. Baseline MR images of a 24-year-old male patient with a 1-year history of seizures. A, Axial FLAIR image shows an abnormal curvilinear iso-/hypointensity in the right insular subcortex area surrounded by edema. B and C, After intravenous contrast injection, the lesion shows multiloculated rim enhancement on the axial image, and the tunnel sign is obvious on the sagittal image. In addition, a degenerated lesion without enhancement can be seen in the right frontal lobe.

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    Fig 2.

    Case 10. Axial postcontrast T1-weighted images of a 27-year-old male patient with a 2-year history of seizures and headaches. A–C, There is an irregular enhancing lesion with a central tunnel in the left parietal lobe on baseline MR imaging. No active lesion can be seen in the occipital and temporal lobes. D, Eleven months later, a migrated lesion with ringlike enhancement is detected in the left occipital lobe. E and F, The lesion continues migrating to the left temporal lobe, showing typical tunnel-like enhancement 38 months after baseline MR imaging. The initial lesion in the left parietal lobe has regressed with no enhancement.

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    Fig 3.

    Case 3. Axial postcontrast T1-weighted images of a 12-year-old male patient with a 4-year history of seizures. A, Baseline MR imaging shows a multiloculated lesion with rim enhancement in the left thalamus. B, Four months later, a migrated lesion is detected in the right thalamus. The initial lesion is regressing, with mild enhancement.

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    Fig 4.

    Case 5. Axial images of a 36-year-old male patient with seizures and left hemiparesis for 17 years. A, Axial postcontrast T1-weighted image shows a lesion with multi-ringlike enhancement in the right cerebral hemisphere. B and C, Four months later, an abnormal branchlike hypointensity is detected in the right cerebellar peduncle on T2-weighted and FLAIR images. D, Eleven months later, a migrated lesion with small ringlike enhancement is detected in the pons. Note that the signal change on B and C indicates the continuity between the primary lesion and the migrated one.

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    Fig 5.

    Case 12. Axial postcontrast T1-weighted images of a 28-year-old female patient with headache and aphasia for 5 years. A and B, Baseline MR imaging shows an irregular enhancing lesion with a central tunnel in the left basal ganglia. There is also a degenerated lesion in the left occipital lobe with dilation of lateral ventricle. C and D, Eight months later, the lesion exhibits long curvilinear enhancement and extends to the insular lobe. The original lesion shows regression, with mild enhancement. E and F, Fourteen months later, a migrated lesion is observed in the left temporal lobe, and the original lesion in the basal ganglia has changed into a degenerated one. Note that the curvilinear enhancement of the lesion on B is presumably the route of migration.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    MR imaging sequences and parameters

    SequencesSigna 3TVerio 3T
    Axial and sagittal T1WI FLAIRTR/TI/TE = 2025/860/15 msTR/TI/TE = 2000/860/17 ms
    Axial T2WITR/TE = 3600/115 msTR/TE = 6450/203 ms
    Axial T2WI FLAIRTR/TI/TE = 8500/2250/120 msTR/TI/TE = 9000/2500/102 ms
    Axial DWI (b = 0, 1000 s/mm2)TR/TE = 4800/74 msTR/TE = 5000/104 ms
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    Table 2:

    Clinical findings of the patients with cerebral sparganosis

    Case/Sex/Age (yr)Clinical HistoryClinical ManifestationsResults of ELISAMedical Intervention
    SerumCSF
    1/M/35Eating raw snake gallbladderSeizures, right hemiparesis(−)(−)Resection
    2/F/27Drinking contaminated waterSeizures(+)(−)Biopsy and 3 courses of praziquantel
    3/M/12Eating raw frog fleshSeizures(+)(+)3 courses of praziquantel
    4/M/18Drinking contaminated waterSeizures, left hemiparesis(+)(−)Resection
    5/M/36Eating raw frog and snakeSeizures, left hemiparesis(+)(−)6 courses of praziquantel
    6/F/33Eating undercooked winklesSeizures(+)(−)Resection
    7/M/19Eating raw snake gallbladderSeizures(+)(+)3 courses of praziquantel
    8/F/33Eating raw frog fleshHeadache, left hemiparesis(+)(+)Biopsy and 3 courses of praziquantel
    9/M/24Eating raw snake fleshSeizures(+)(+)4 courses of praziquantel
    10/M/27Eating raw frog fleshSeizures, headache(+)(+)10 courses of praziquantel
    11/F/18Drinking contaminated waterSeizures(−](−)Biopsy and 6 courses of praziquantel
    12/F/28Eating raw frog and snakeAphasia, headache(+)(+)Biopsy and 3 courses of praziquantel
    13/M/29Eating raw snake gallbladderSeizures(+)(+)6 courses of praziquantel
    14/M/13Drinking contaminated waterSeizures(+)(−)Biopsy and 3 courses of praziquantel
    • Note:—(+) indicates positive; (−), negative.

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    Table 3:

    Baseline and follow-up MRI of patients with cerebral sparganosis

    Case/Sex/Age (yr)Baseline MRIFollow-Up MRI
    Location of Active LesionDegenerated LesionsTime Interval between the Follow-Up and Baseline MRI (mo)Location of Migrated Lesions
    1/M/35L frontal lobeNo1, 2, 5, 8, 12aL parietal lobe
    2/F/27R frontal lobeNo2, 15, 18aR parietal lobe
    3/M/12L thalamus1 in L frontal lobe4a, 6, 13R thalamus
    4/M/18GM in R frontal lobeNo2, 6, 15,a 32WM in the same lobe
    5/M/36R BG2 in R temporal lobe and occipital lobe11,a 13, 16, 22aR cerebellar hemisphere; then to pons
    6/F/33L parietal lobe2 in L temporal lobe and frontal lobe15,a 22, 25L occipital lobe
    7/M/19L occipital lobe2 in L frontal lobe and occipital lobe10,a 21L temporal lobe
    8/F/33WM in R frontal lobe2 in L frontal lobe and occipital lobe2, 5, 6,a 8, 18GM in the same lobe
    9/M/24WM in R temporal lobe4 in L parietal lobe, BG, frontal lobe, genu of CC and R frontal lobe, respectively2, 4,a 14GM in the same lobe
    10/M/27L parietal lobe1 in L frontal lobe11,a 38aL occipital lobe, then to temporal lobe
    11/F/18GM in L frontal lobe2 in L frontal lobe and occipital lobe6,a 1, 14WM in the same lobe
    12/F/28L BG1 in L occipital lobe8, 14,a 22, 24,a 26, 30L temporal lobe, then to parietal lobe
    13/M/29L BGNo2, 10, 18,a 23L frontal lobe
    14/M/13R thalamus1 in R frontal lobe2, 7,a 12L thalamus
    • Note:—L indicates left; R, right; BG, basal ganglia; CC, corpus callosum; GM, gray matter.

    • ↵a Migration detected.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 34 (2)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
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Cite this article
Y.-X. Li, H. Ramsahye, B. Yin, J. Zhang, D.-Y. Geng, C.-S. Zee
Migration: A Notable Feature of Cerebral Sparganosis on Follow-Up MR Imaging
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2013, 34 (2) 327-333; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3237

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Migration: A Notable Feature of Cerebral Sparganosis on Follow-Up MR Imaging
Y.-X. Li, H. Ramsahye, B. Yin, J. Zhang, D.-Y. Geng, C.-S. Zee
American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2013, 34 (2) 327-333; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A3237
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