Alterations of Directional Connectivity among Resting-State Networks in Alzheimer Disease

Article Figures & Data

Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Fig 1.
Spatial maps of 8 RSNs in NC (upper panel) and AD (lower panel). A–H, Respectively, the networks for LVN, MVN, AN, SMN, SRN, DAN, VAN, and DMN. Each map was the result of a 1-sample t test on the individual independent component patterns (P < .05, corrected by false discovery rate).
Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Fig 2.
BN-based connectivity between RSNs in NC (A), and AD (B). The RSNs are graphically represented with connections depicting conditional dependencies. All the connections in the maps survived significance testing (P < .05). Solid and dashed arcs are, respectively, for positive and negative connections. Line width is proportional to the connection weights. The asterisks on connections indicate that the connections in NC are significantly stronger than those in AD, while the pound sign points out the opposite case (permutation test, P < .05).
Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Fig 3.
Scatterplots of the DMN index. The circles show the DMN index of individual subjects. The histogram and the error bar show the within-group mean value and SD. A declining line between the 2 histograms indicates a significantly decreased degree of integration with the DMN in AD.

Table 1:

List of direct connections in the BN models of NC and AD^{^a}

↵a Row I shows that connections coexisted in both groups. Rows II and III show, respectively, the connections in NC and AD. All the connections listed in the Table survived the statistical testing (P < .05).
↵b The connection in NC is significantly stronger than that in AD.
↵c The connection in AD is significantly stronger than that in NC.

Table 2:

Results of between-group comparison of RSN interconnectivity determined by the permutation test^{^a}

↵a The column “NC > AD” shows the type I error probabilities of the connections in NC group that are stronger than the ones in AD group. The column “AD > NC” shows the contrary case.