Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
The process of platelet activation and targets for antiplatelet agents. Platelet activators are shown with their corresponding receptors on the platelet surface. Antiplatelet agents are indicated at the point of their mechanism of action. Note the positive feedback provided by ADP and thrombin released by activated platelets.
Tables
Characteristics of main POC devices used to measure platelet functions tests
Test/Device Manufacturer Technique Unit Remarks PFA-100 Siemens Diagnostic Deerfield, Illinois Measures time to complete occlusion an aperture in a capillary-like membrane under sheer force Closure time (for all 3 assays) Three assays vary in platelet agonist: CEPI assay, CADP assay, and Innovance. Simulates physiologic conditions, significantly affected von Willebrand factor Platelet Works Helena Laboratories Beaumont, Texas Measures platelet count before and after addition of platelet activating factor % Aggregation Time dependent Impact and Impact-R DiaMed, Cressier, Switzerland Measures platelet inhibition induced by shear stress Surface coverage, average size Simulates physiologic conditions, significantly affected von Willebrand factor, Impact-R more suitable for testing antiplatelet effect VerifyNow Accumetrics, San Diego, California Measures optical signal of light transmitted through whole blood which depends on the degree of platelet aggregation around fibrinogen coated beads Aspirin Reaction Units (Aspirin assay), P2Y12 Reaction Units (P2Y12 assay), Platelet Aggregation Units (GP IIb/IIIa assay) Three assays vary in platelet agonist: Aspirin assay, P2Y12 assay, and Gp IIb/IIIa assay. Based on the same concept of light transmittance as, and correlates well with LTA P2Y12 assay: PRUs, GP IIb/IIIa assay: PAUs Clot Signature Analyzer Xylum Corporation Scarsdale, New York Measures the time for platelets to occlude holes “punched” in a blood conduit and collagen-induced thrombus formation as blood flows in a channel containing a collagen fiber Platelet Hemostasis Time (bleeding time equivalent), Clot Time (ACT equivalent), Collagen Induced Thrombus Formation Assess multiple aspects of hemostasis under near-physiologic conditions
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