Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Description of the model. Schematic showing the branch opposite the constructed lateral wall aneurysm, with the proximal portion of the flow diverter denoted by an asterisk. Aneurysm-FSS is shown in yellow, and the branch-FSS is shown in green.
- Fig 2.
Result of benchtop studies. The porosity of the transition zones (TZs) is shown to increase when FDs are constrained in tubes of smaller diameters (A), when the size of the defect is increased in length (A), or when the opening takes a greater proportion of the silicone tube circumference (B).
- Fig 3.
Results of in vivo studies. Initial preimplantation angiography (A and E), angiographic results at 3 months (B and F), and photographs of neointimal formation over the device at the level of the aneurysm- (C and G) or branch-FSS (D and H). Panels show how giant aneurysms with smaller ostia (A–D) are more completely occluded at 3 months, with more complete neointimal coverage of the aneurysm-FSS, than aneurysms with a wider ostium (E–H). Note how leaks are related to the more porous transition zones. Neointima formation over the branches is also substantial (D and H).
- Fig 4.
Transition zones and flows. Angiographic results 3 months after flow diversion show how the aneurysm fills from persistent flow through the distal transition zone (dotted arrow), while the branch is fed by the proximal transition zone (arrow).
- Fig 5.
Distal ostial leaks. With device expansion in front of wider ostium aneurysms, there is deformation and shortening of the inner stent, which may no longer fully cover the distal edge of the aneurysm ostium (arrows).
Tables
Aneurysm characteristics and evolution with treatment
Animal Initial Aneurysm Dimensions Final Aneurysm Dimensions (L × W) (mm) Neointima Formation on FD (%) Arterial Stenoses (%) Angiographic Score Device Geometry Ostium (mm) Fundus (L × W) (mm) Aneurysm FSS Branch FSS Stented Artery Jailed Artery Ratio of Fusiform Dilation Angle Group A 1 8 30 × 10 16 × 5 90 20 50 0 2 1.8 6° 2 7 15 × 10 9 × 4 80 90 40 20 2 1.6 9° 3 8 35 × 10 13 × 10 80 80 20 0 2 1.8 5° 4 8 26 × 10 9 × 16 90 80 20 50 2 2.5 4° 5 8 17 × 7 17 × 9 70 80 50 0 2 1.4 −6° 6 6 17 × 7 4 × 3 100 80 50 0 3 1.5 −6° Group B 7 16 34 × 10 42 × 12 10 0 10 0 0 1.3 30° 8 14 28 × 8 39 × 8 50 60 10 80 0 1.5 26° 9 15 35 × 8 39 × 8 50 80 50 0 0 2.5 26° 10 14 32 × 7 35 × 11 50 50 50 30 0 2.2 25° 11 10 24 × 7 35 × 11 60 90 40 0 0 1.5 16° 12 11 30 × 10 39 × 11 50 90 20 0 0 1.7 16° Note:—L × W indicates length × width.
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