Index by author

Because codeine is a popular drug and results in cognitive deficits, the authors assessed 30 chronic users and 30 controls with DTI. Chronic codeine users showed lower fractional anisotropy in 4 brain regions and higher scores on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. It appears that chronic codeine-containing syrup abuse may be associated with disruptions in brain white matter integrity and that these microstructural deficits may be linked to higher impulsivity in chronic users.

Using CT or DWI, the authors categorized percentages of insular ribbon infarctions as less or more than 50% and correlated these with clinical outcomes. Only insular ribbon involvement greater than 50% and low NIHSS score at admission correlated with poor outcomes. They concluded that DWI–percentage insula ribbon infarct of >50% independently predicted poor clinical outcome and can help identify patients with stroke likely to have poor outcome despite small admission DWI lesion volumes.