The Added Prognostic Value of Preoperative Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Histogram Analysis in Patients with Glioblastoma: Analysis of Overall and Progression-Free Survival

Article Figures & Data

Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
Fig 1.
Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival according to K^trans (A) and v_e (B), and progression-free survival according to K^trans (C) and v_e (D).

Table 1:

Patient characteristics (n = 61)

Variables	Mean (SD) or No. (%)
Age (year)^{^a}	63.0 (9.8)
Sex
Male	32 (52.5%)
Female	29 (47.5%)
Karnofsky performance scale^{^a}	72.1 (12.1)
Enhancing tumor volume (cm³)^{^a}	23.5 (19.1)
Extent of resection
Total	28 (45.9%)
Subtotal or partial	33 (54.1%)
Edema
None	9 (14.8%)
Mild-to-moderate	15 (24.6%)
Severe	37 (60.6%)
Non-contrast-enhancing tumor
Negative	26 (42.6%)
Positive	35 (57.4%)
MGMT
Unmethylated	38 (62.3%)
Methylated	23 (37.7%)
EGFR
0	10 (16.4%)
1+	3 (4.9%)
2+	15 (24.6%)
3+	33 (54.1%)
p53^{^a}	17.5 (28.0)
Ki-67^{^a}	23.4 (19.0)

Table 2:

Preoperative and postoperative prognostic models for overall survival

Parameters	Model 1^{^a}		Model 2^{^a}		Model 3^{^a}		Model 4^{^b}		Model 5^{^b}
Parameters	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value
Enhancing tumor volume	1.38 (0.53–3.60)	.509	2.49 (1.11–5.58)	.027	1.09 (0.43–2.78)	.855	0.80 (0.31–2.05)	.643	0.94 (0.38–2.37)	.904
Age	3.47 (1.42–8.49)	.007	2.49 (1.00–6.19)	.049	1.55 (1.25–8.26)	.015	2.91 (1.20–7.04)	.018	2.66 (1.08–6.58)	.034
KPS	2.86 (1.15–7.15)	.024	2.87 (1.13–7.24)	.026	2.54 (1.02–6.33)	.046	1.09 (0.34–3.47)	.888	1.12 (0.35–3.63)	.845
K^trans_p5	2.82 (1.04–7.70)	.043	–		2.93 (1.64–15.74)	.005	–		–
v_e_kurtosis	–		7.57 (1.49–38.51)	.015	21.90 (3.79–145.91)	.001	–		5.65 (1.13–28.37)	.035
K^trans_kurtosis	–		–		–		4.99 (1.05–23.78)	.044	–
MGMT	–		–		–		7.80 (1.96–31.04)	.004	6.82 (1.77–26.31)	.005
EGFR	–		–		–		4.25 (1.44–12.61)	.009	3.65 (1.21–10.95)	.021

Table 3:

Preoperative and postoperative prognostic models for progression-free survival

Parameters	Model 1^{^a}		Model 2^{^a}		Model 3^{^a}		Model 4^{^a}		Model 5^{^a}		Model 6^{^b}
Parameters	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value	HR	P Value
Enhancing tumor volume	2.9 (1.4–6.0)	.005	1.9 (0.9–4.0)	.105	2.4 (1.1–5.0)	.023	3.1 (1.5–6.7)	.003	1.8 (0.8–3.9)	.135	1.4 (0.6–3.2)	.423
Age	2.4 (1.2–4.8)	.015	3.1 (1.4–6.6)	.004	2.4 (1.1–4.9)	.020	2.5 (1.2–5.2)	.011	3.4 (1.6–7.6)	.002	2.4 (1.1–4.9)	.020
K^trans_min	2.8 (1.4–5.6)	.004	–		–		3.3 (1.6–6.7)	.001	–		–
K^trans_p5	–		2.9 (1.2–7.2)	.020	–		–		4.0 (1.5–10.4)	.004	–
v_e_kurtosis	–		–		4.4 (1.7–11.3)	.002	5.7 (2.2–15.2)	.000	6.0 (2.2–16.3)	.000	5.3 (2.0–14.0)	.001
MGMT	–		–		–		–		–		3.1 (1.3–7.4)	.012

Note:— – indicates that the model doesn't have the corresponding factor as a covacriate; HR, hazard ratio.
↵a Preoperative models.
↵b Postoperative model.