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Noninvasive vascular imaging, such as transcranial Doppler sonography and MR angiography, has played an increasingly important role is diagnosing this condition, though conventional angiography remains the reference standard for the evaluation of cerebral artery vasoconstriction.

The authors performed a crossover, intraindividual comparison of 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate with 0.1-mmol/kg gadoterate (Arm 1) and 0.05-mmol/kg gadobenate with 0.1-mmol/kg gadoterate (Arm 2). In Arm 1, a significant superiority of 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate was demonstrated by all readers for all end points. In Arm 2, no significant differences were observed for any reader and any end point, with the exception of percentage enhancement for reader 2 in favor of 0.05-mmol/kg gadobenate.