Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Computational fluid dynamics calculations of blood pressure gradients in the dural venous sinuses of patients with IIH. Pressure gradients are shown as a percentage of the blood pressure in the superior sagittal sinus (assigned as 100% in each patient). Patients without pathologic pressure gradients (upper row) show very little pressure drop across venous sinus stenoses compared with patients with pathologic pressure gradients (lower row). Sinuses are truncated at the posterior third of the superior sagittal sinus, midpoint of the straight sinus, and the end of each sigmoid sinus (see “Materials and Methods”) and are shown in a right anterior oblique/Towne projection.
- Fig 2.
Computational fluid dynamics calculations of wall shear stress in the dural venous sinuses of patients with IIH. Patients without pathologic pressure gradients (upper row) show very little change in WSS at and beyond venous sinus stenoses compared with patients with pathologic pressure gradients (lower row), who have more severe elevations in WSS.
- Fig 3.
Computational fluid dynamics calculations of 2D velocity profiles oriented through the point of maximal venous sinus stenoses in patients in the nonpathologic (upper row) and pathologic (lower row) groups. Blood flow is from left to right. Substantially higher blood flow velocity is observed across stenoses in patients in the pathologic group.
Tables
Patient Side Blood Pressure (mm Hg) Pressure Gradient (mm Hg) % Stenosisa Superior Sagittal Sinus Transverse Sinus Sigmoid Sinus 1 Left 7 5 2 3 60.34 Right 7 8 −1 2.41 2 Right 10 8 7 1 2.13 3 Right 23 24 19 5 14.81 4 Left 56 34 16 18 50 Right 16 15 1 33.33 5 Left 39 29 18 11 82.35 Right 34 17 17 26.47 6 Right 83 88 7 81 61.64 ↵a Defined as the percentage change between the narrowest point of the transverse sinus and the midpoint of the ipsilateral sigmoid sinus.
Patient Side Blood Flow (mL/min) Wall Shear Stress (Pa) WSS Gradient across Stenosis Superior Sagittal Sinus Straight Sinus Sigmoid Sinus Superior Sagittal Sinus Straight Sinus Transverse Sinus Sigmoid Sinus 1 Left 370 50 171 0.72 0.27 29 1.59 27.41 Right 248 0.36 0.82 −0.46 2 Right 433 78 511 2.59 0.89 1.88 1.16 0.72 3 Right 71 72 144 0.67 0.84 1.33 0.93 0.4 4 Lefta 1582 0 196 14.74 0.09 8.24 1.21 7.03 Right 1386 37.94 18.72 19.22 5 Lefta 457 121 112 2.37 0.82 38.21 4.63 33.58 Righta 466 16.36 9.82 6.54 6 Righta 816 147 963 5.23 1.79 163.01 41.07 121.94 ↵a Pathologic pressure gradient (≥ 8 mm Hg) on venographic manometry.
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