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Research ArticlePEDIATRICS

Variability of Cerebral Deep Venous System in Preterm and Term Neonates Evaluated on MR SWI Venography

D. Tortora, M. Severino, M. Malova, A. Parodi, G. Morana, L.A. Ramenghi and A. Rossi
American Journal of Neuroradiology November 2016, 37 (11) 2144-2149; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4877
D. Tortora
aFrom the Neuroradiology Unit (D.T., M.S., G.M., A.R.)
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M. Severino
aFrom the Neuroradiology Unit (D.T., M.S., G.M., A.R.)
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M. Malova
bNeonatal Intensive Care Unit (M.M., A.P., L.A.R.), Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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A. Parodi
bNeonatal Intensive Care Unit (M.M., A.P., L.A.R.), Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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G. Morana
aFrom the Neuroradiology Unit (D.T., M.S., G.M., A.R.)
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L.A. Ramenghi
bNeonatal Intensive Care Unit (M.M., A.P., L.A.R.), Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
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A. Rossi
aFrom the Neuroradiology Unit (D.T., M.S., G.M., A.R.)
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Article Figures & Data

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    Fig 1.

    Axial-reformatted SWI venography and corresponding schematic representation of SV.

  • Fig 2.
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    Fig 2.

    Axial-reformatted SWI venography and corresponding schematic representation of SV patterns. The left side of SWI venography and the black schematic vein represent the anatomic pattern. Type 1: The ASV joined the ICV at the level of the foramen of Monro and the TSV-ICV junction. The DLV was absent. Type 2: The ASV joined the ICV posterior to both the TSV-ICV junction and the foramen of Monro. The DLV was absent. Type 3: The ASV joined the ICV close to the site of DLV-ICV junction, posterior to the foramen of Monro. The TSV was absent. Type 4: The ASV joined the ICV posterior to both the foramen of Monro and DLV-ICV junction. The TSV was absent. Type 5: Both the TSV and DLV were present. Type 6: Both the TSV and DLV were absent. Atrial veins were not included in schematic representations.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    MRI sequence parameters

    SequenceSection Thickness (mm)MatrixIntersection (mm)TR (msec)TE (msec)FA (deg)SAR (W/kg)Bandwidth
    Axial T1-SE3232 × 110178016NA<2.68.2
    Axial T2-TSE3308 × 17116923140NA3.15.6
    Coronal T2-TSE3232 × 17116782140NA<36.7
    3D T1 TFE1200 × 150NA9.84.610<0.22.3
    Axial DWI4108 × 1040.4253074NA0.312.9
    • Note:—FA indicates flip angle; NA, not available; SAR, specific absorption rate; SE, spin echo; TFE, turbo-field echo.

    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Overall frequencies and percentages of SV patterns for each brain hemisphere in the 3 groups of neonatesa

    PatternVPMLPTNTotal Hemispheres
    LeftRightLeftRightLeftRight
    Type 128 (33.3%)42 (50%)15 (48.4%)20 (64.5%)36 (72%)32 (64%)173
    Type 24 (4.8%)6 (7%)4 (12.9%)0 (0%)2 (4%)3 (6%)19
    Type 336 (42.9%)25 (29.8)9 (29%)7 (22.6%)10 (20%)13 (26%)100
    Type 47 (8.2%)4 (4.8%)3 (9.7%)1 (3.2%)2 (4%)2 (4%)19
    Type 55 (6%)2 (2.4%)0 (0%)2 (6.5%)0 (0%)0 (0%)9
    Type 64 (4.8%)5 (6%)0 (0%)1 (3.2%)0 (0%)0 (0%)10
    • Note:—MLP indicates moderate-to-late preterm neonates; TN, term neonates; VP, very preterm neonates.

    • ↵a 84 VP neonates; 31 MLP neonates; 50 TN neonates.

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    Table 3:

    Frequencies and percentages of interhemispheric symmetry and asymmetry patterns in the 3 groups of neonates

    VPMLPTNTotal Neonates
    Pattern
        Interhemispheric symmetry34 (40.5%)15 (48.4%)33 (66%)82
        Interhemispheric asymmetry50 (59.5%)16 (51.6%)17 (34%)83
    Total neonates843150165
    • Note:—MLP indicates moderate-to-late preterm neonates; TN, term neonates; VP, very preterm neonates.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 37 (11)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 37, Issue 11
1 Nov 2016
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Cite this article
D. Tortora, M. Severino, M. Malova, A. Parodi, G. Morana, L.A. Ramenghi, A. Rossi
Variability of Cerebral Deep Venous System in Preterm and Term Neonates Evaluated on MR SWI Venography
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2016, 37 (11) 2144-2149; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4877

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Variability of Cerebral Deep Venous System in Preterm and Term Neonates Evaluated on MR SWI Venography
D. Tortora, M. Severino, M. Malova, A. Parodi, G. Morana, L.A. Ramenghi, A. Rossi
American Journal of Neuroradiology Nov 2016, 37 (11) 2144-2149; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A4877
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