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Nineteen patients with schizophrenia and 11 matched healthy controls underwent MR imaging and multivoxel point-resolved ¹H-MRS at 3T to obtain their hippocampal gray matter absolute NAA, Cr, and Cho concentrations. Patients' average hippocampal GM Cr concentrations were 19% higher than those of controls. NAA and Cho showed no differences. The authors conclude that the findings suggest the hippocampal volume deficit in schizophrenia is not due to net loss of neurons, which is in agreement with histopathology studies but not with prior ¹H-MR spectroscopy reports. Elevated Cr would be consistent with hippocampal hypermetabolism.