Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Selected ROIs in the individual fiber analysis according to a Johns Hopkins University–ICBM labels 1-mm template. “.R and .L” in the text indicate right and left side, respectively. In the telencephalon, ALIC indicates anterior limb of internal capsule; ACR, anterior corona radiata; g/b/s CC, corpus callosum (genu/body/splenium); CCG, cingulum (cingulate gyrus); CH, cingulum (hippocampus); EC, external capsule; PCR, posterior corona radiata; PTR, posterior thalamic radiation (including optic radiation); RIC, retrolenticular part of internal capsule; SCR, superior corona radiata; SS, sagittal striatum (including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus). In the cerebellum and brain stem, CP, indicates cerebellar peduncle; CT, corticospinal tract; MCP, middle cerebellar peduncle; and PCT, pontine crossing tract (a part of MCP).
- Fig 2.
Differences in FA, MD, axial diffusivity (λ1), and radial diffusivity (λ23) between the DM-MCI and the DM-NC groups in 3 representative sections (see On-line Fig 1 for a complete set of images with whole-brain coverage). All results were obtained from an FSL TBSS analysis. A Montreal Neurological Institute-152 T1 1-mm brain standard space was used as a background image (gray-scale). Green indicates the FA skeleton with a threshold of 0.2 highlighting the fibers used in the comparison; blue–light-blue (thickened for better visibility), regions with decreased FA, MD, λ1, or λ23; and red-yellow (thickened for better visibility), regions with increased FA, MD, λ1, or λ23.
- Fig 3.
Group differences in FA, MD, axial diffusivity (λ1), and radial diffusivity (λ23) between the DM-MCI and the HC groups in 3 representative sections (see On-line Fig 2 for a complete set of images with whole-brain coverage). All other details are the same as in the legend for Fig 2.
- Fig 4.
Group differences in FA, MD, axial diffusivity (λ1), and radial diffusivity (λ23) between the DM-NC and the HC groups in 3 representative sections (see On-line Fig 3 for a complete set of images with whole-brain coverage). All other details are the same as in the legend for Fig 2.
- Fig 5.
Differences in FA (A) and MD (B) values for specific fiber tracts in an atlas-based ROI analysis between the DM-MCI (blue) and the DM-NC (orange) groups. All fibers in the figure show a statistically significant difference (P < .05). The bar height indicates the mean, and the line on top of the bar represents the SD. L indicates left; R, right; ALIC, anterior limb of internal capsule; ACR, anterior corona radiata; CH, cingulum (hippocampus); EC, external capsule; PTR, posterior thalamic radiation (including the optic radiation); RIC, retrolenticular part of internal capsule; SCR, superior corona radiata; SS, sagittal striatum (including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus).
- Fig 6.
A, ROC curves for FA (blue), MD (green), and a combination of FA and MD (red) of the right cingulum (hippocampus) for separating DM-MCI and DM-NC patients. B, Scatterplots of FA versus MD for all patients with DM-NC (red) and DM-MCI (blue). The dashed lines indicate the cutoff values for FA (blue), MD (red), and the combination of FA and MD (black). The black dashed line corresponds to a sensitivity of 0.864 and a specificity of 0.800.
Tables
- Table 1:
FA values in specific fiber tracts with significant differences among groups (P < .05)
JHU WM Atlas FA (DM-MCI) FA (DM-NC) FA (HC) P Value ALIC.L 0.595 ± 0.025 0.610 ± 0.021 .044 ACR.R 0.472 ± 0.024 0.487 ± 0.019 .035 ACR.L 0.471 ± 0.029 0.488 ± 0.018 .022 PTR.L 0.620 ± 0.038 0.641 ± 0.027 .045 EC.L 0.478 ± 0.020 0.490 ± 0.017 .043 CH.R 0.585 ± 0.040 0.616 ± 0.024 .004 CH.L 0.579 ± 0.027 0.599 ± 0.026 .019 CT.R 0.548 ± 0.030 0.569 ± 0.017 .003 CP.R 0.590 ± 0.021 0.608 ± 0.019 .002 Note:—R indicates right; L, left; ALIC, anterior limb of internal capsule; ACR, anterior corona radiata; CH, cingulum (hippocampus); EC, external capsule; PTR, posterior thalamic radiation (including the optic radiation); CP, cerebellar peduncle; CT, corticospinal tract; JHU, Johns Hopkins University.
- Table 2:
MD values (×10−3 mm2/s) in specific fiber tracts with significant differences among groups (P < .05)
JHU WM Atlas MD (DM-MCI) MD (DM-NC) MD (HC) P Value RIC.L 0.780 ± 0.026 0.760 ± 0.029 .031 SCR.L 0.732 ± 0.029 0.712 ± 0.026 .021 SS.R 0.839 ± 0.037 0.815 ± 0.030 .024 EC.L 0.758 ± 0.029 0.739 ± 0.026 .030 RIC.R 0.773 ± 0.030 0.755 ± 0.021 .021 EC.R 0.784 ± 0.044 0.756 ± 0.027 .009 Note:—R indicates right; L, left; RIC, the retrolenticular part of internal capsule; SCR, superior corona radiata; SS, sagittal striatum (including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus); EC, external capsule; JHU, Johns Hopkins University.
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