Preoperative Mapping of the Supplementary Motor Area in Patients with Brain Tumor Using Resting-State fMRI with Seed-Based Analysis

Article Figures & Data

Download figure
Open in new tab
Download powerpoint
FIGURE.
Mean group correlation maps across different seed locations for patients with brain tumor (bilateral hand motor seed in red, left hand motor in blue, right hand motor in green, left tongue motor in yellow, and right tongue motor in pink; please note that left and right denote the cerebral hemisphere of the seeds and thus represent contralateral functional regions). The greatest correlation in the supplementary motor area (arrow on the axial image) is seen with bilateral hand motor seeds. To a much lesser extent in this group visualization, left hand and right hand motor seeds demonstrate correlation in the SMA; however, neither tongue motor seed does so. R indicates right; L, left.

Table 1:

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and controls

Characteristic	Patients with Brain Tumor (n = 66)	Control Subjects (n = 21)
Age (range) (mean) (yr)	18–75 (40.8 ± 14.6)	25–61 (31.8 ± 9.24)
Sex (No.)
Male	38	11
Female	28	10
Tumor size (mean) (mm³)	8.4 × 10² to 1.6 × 10⁵ (4.3 × 10⁴ ± 3.7 × 10⁴)	–
Pathology (No.)		–
Diffuse astrocytoma	6
Fibrillary astrocytoma	1
Infiltrative astrocytoma	9
Anaplastic astrocytoma	8
Glioblastoma	8
Oligodendroglioma	26
Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma	3
Myeloid sarcoma	1
Metastatic melanoma	1
Metastatic adenocarcinoma	1
No pathologic report (low-grade tumor by imaging)	2
WHO classification (No.)
Grade I	0
Grade II	33
Grade III	20
Grade IV	8
Tumor location (No.)
Right hemisphere	18
Frontal	12 (3 SMA, 1 PMC)
Parietal	1
Temporal	1
Insular	2
Frontoparietal	1
Frontotemporal	1
Left hemisphere	46
Frontal	24 (4 SMA, 2 PMC)
Parietal	3
Temporal	11
Insular	4
Frontoparietal	2
Frontotemporal	1
Parietotemporal	1
Bilateral hemisphere	1
Multiple lesions	1

Table 2:

Number of cases with identifiable SMA by seeding areas

Note:—+SMA indicates that the SMA was identified; −SMA, the SMA was not identified.

Table 3:

Identifiable SMA percentages compared across ROIs in patients with brain tumor

Target Group	Percentage Identified (95% CI)	Reference Group Percentage Identified (95% CI)	P Value^{^a}
Hand		Hand (both)
Hand (right)	75.8 (63.4–85.1)	95.5 (86.4–98.8)	<.001^{^b}
Hand (left)	75.8 (63.4–85.1)	95.5 (86.4–98.8)	<.001^{^b}
Orofacial		Orofacial (both)
Orofacial (right)	25.8 (16.1–38.2)	34.8 (23.8–47.7)	.074
Orofacial (left)	27.3 (17.4–39.8)	34.8 (23.8–47.7)	.041
Hand (both)	95.5 (86.4–98.8)	34.8 (23.8–47.7)	<.001^{^b}

Table 4:

Identifiable SMA percentages compared across ROIs in the control group

Target Group	Percentage Identified (95% CI)	Reference Group Percentage Identified (95% CI)	P Value^{^a}
Hand		Hand (both)
Hand (right)	90.5 (76.4–96.9)	95.2 (82.6–99.2)	.480
Hand (left)	81.0 (65.4–90.8)	95.2 (82.6–99.2)	.041
Orofacial		Orofacial (both)
Orofacial (right)	33.3 (20.0–49.6)	45.2 (30.2–61.2)	.074
Orofacial (left)	21.4 (10.8–37.2)	45.2 (30.2–61.2)	.004^{^b}
Hand (both)	95.2 (82.6–99.2)	45.2 (30.2–61.2)	<.001^{^b}

Table 5:

Number of cases with identifiable SMA across ROIs, control vs brain tumor group