Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Rigid and radiolucent head holder.
- Fig 2.
Distribution of patients according to clinical grade and depth of anesthesia.
- Fig 3.
Procedure-related complications according to clinical grade and depth of anesthesia. Note:—( ) indicates number of patients.
Tables
- Table 1:
Continuum of depth of sedation—definition of general anesthesia and levels of sedation/analgesia
Minimal Sedation/ Anxiolysis Moderate Sedation/Analgesia (Conscious Sedation) Deep Sedation Analgesia General Anesthesia Responsiveness Normal response to verbal stimulation Purposefula response to verbal or tactile stimulation Purposefula response after repeat or painful stimulation Unarousable even with painful stimulus Airway Unaffected No intervention required Intervention may be required Intervention often required Spontaneous ventilation Unaffected Adequate May be inadequate Frequently inadequate Cardiovascular function Unaffected Usually maintained Usually maintained May be impaired ↵a Reflex withdrawal from a painful stimulus is not considered a purposeful response.
Variable No. No. of aneurysms 183 No. of patients 183 Age (mean) (SD) (yr) 60.2 (14.8) Younger than 40 13 (7.1%) 40–50 44 (24.0%) 50–60 43 (23.5%) 60–70 26 (14.2%) 70–80 40 (21.9%) Older than 80 17 (9.3%) Sex Female 129 (70.5%) Male 54 (29.5%) Multiplicity 31 (16.9%) Location ACA 80 (43.7%) ICA 56 (30.6%) MCA 31 (16.9%) VB 15 (8.2%) Aneurysm size (mm) ≤5 68 (39.9%) 5–10 92 (47.5%) 10–15 21 (11.5%) >15 2 (1.1%) Modalities of EVT Simple catheter 114 (62.3%) Double catheter 47 (25.7%) Stent-assisted 22 (12.0%) Anesthesia grade Local anesthesia 70 (38.3%) Conscious sedation 33 (18.0%) Deep sedation 78 (42.6%) General anesthesia 2 (1.1%) Hunt and Hess scale grade 1 40 (21.9%) 2 57 (31.1%) 3 22 (12.0%) 4 30 (16.4%) 5 34 (18.6%) Note:—ACA indicates anterior cerebral artery; VB, vertebrobasilar artery.
All EVT (Complications, n = 16) Hemorrhagic Thromboembolic P Value Age (yr) .399 Younger than 40 5 2 3 40–50 3 0 3 50–60 5 2 3 60–70 3 1 2 Older than 70 3 1 2 Sex Female 11 4 7 .9026 Location .6297 ICA 6 2 4 ACA 3 2 1 MCA 5 1 4 VB 2 0 2 Aneurysm size (n = 1230) (mm) .3012 ≤5 4 3 1 5–10 11 2 9 10–15 1 0 1 >15 0 0 0 Modalities of EVT .3919 Simple catheter 7 2 5 Double catheter 6 2 4 Stent-assisted 3 1 2 Anesthesia grade .3307 Local anesthesia 4 1 3 Conscious sedation 5 3 2 Deep sedation 7 1 6 General anesthesia 0 0 0 Hunt and Hess grade .0731 1 1 0 1 2 5 0 5 3 3 1 2 4 3 3 0 5 4 1 3 Good (1 or 2) 6 0 6 .05438 Poor (3, 4, or 5) 10 5 5 Note:—ACA indicates anterior cerebral artery; VB, vertebrobasilar artery.
