Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE.
Examples of intracranial vessel wall lesions on vessel wall MR imaging in a 76-year-old male patient with a history of coronary artery disease. A detailed description of the rating criteria can be found in the Materials and Methods section. A, Lesion in lateral wall of the right P2 segment (arrow) versus the nondiscernable normal neighboring medial wall (arrowhead). B, Lesion in the right vertebral (arrow) and left vertebral (arrowhead) arteries. C, Lesion in the proximal basilar artery (arrow), with coronal orientation shown in enclosed panel (arrowhead). D, Lesion in the C7 segment of the right ICA (arrow), compared with the normal-appearing contralateral C7 segment (arrowhead) and proximal right M1 segment. Furthermore, note the long lesion in the distal half of the right P2 segment (gray arrow) and focal lesion in the left P2 segment (dual arrow).
Tables
Markers Age (yr) 68 ± 9 Male 88% Carotid IMT (mm) 0.84 ± 0.22 Carotid stenosisb No stenosis 23% 1%–49% stenosis 70% 50%–100% stenosisc 7% Ankle-brachial index ABI 1.09 ± 0.18 ABI ≤ 0.9 11% Renal function eGFR (mL/min) 72.8 ± 17.3 eGFR <60 mL/min 21% History of vascular diseased Cerebrovascular disease 9% Coronary artery disease 65% Peripheral artery disease 9% Multivascular disease 17% Note:—IMT indicates intima-media thickness.
↵a Values are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables.
↵b Categories are mutually exclusive. Patients were categorized according to most severe stenosis grade.
↵c Includes 4 patients with ≥1 carotid artery occlusion.
↵d Categories are mutually exclusive. The multivascular category consisted of 22 patients with a history of ≥2 vascular diseases: Ninety-five percent had coronary artery disease; 60%, cerebrovascular disease; 60%, peripheral artery disease; and 14%, abdominal aortic aneurysm.
ICAS Burden (b-value)a (95% CI) cIMT, per +0.1 mm 0.53 (0.06–0.98) cIMT quartiles Quartile 1 0 (Reference) Quartile 2 0.62 (−2.31–3.55) Quartile 3 0.40 (−2.61–3.41) Quartile 4 2.89 (−0.01–5.80) Carotid stenosis No stenosis 0 (Reference) 1%–49% stenosis 2.48 (0.08–4.89) 50%–100% stenosis 6.62 (2.34–10.93) ↵a B-values are unstandardized linear regression coefficients adjusted for age and sex.
ICAS Burden (b-value)a (95% CI) Coronary artery disease 0 (Reference) Peripheral artery disease −0.22 (−3.99–3.55) Cerebrovascular disease 0.01 (−3.46–3.48) Multivascular disease 2.08 (−0.60–4.76) ↵a B-values are unstandardized linear regression coefficients adjusted for age and sex. Categories are mutually exclusive.
