Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Sample iMRI before and after DBS placement. The left side of the figure shows intraoperative 3D T1 FLASH images of ceramic stylet placement in the left Vim (upper image, coronal; lower image, sagittal). The right side of the figure shows bilateral DBS electrode placement in the same patient. See “Surgical Procedure” in the Methods section for details.
- FIG 2.
Examples of the MRI artifacts of implanted Infinity DBS electrodes. The largest artifacts were seen in T1 images (A–C) and the smallest artifacts on T2 images (D, E). Artifacts on WMn (F), FLAIR (G), and DWI (H) sequences are also shown. Arrows indicate electrodes.
Tables
Sequence Name 3D FSPGR 3D FSE WMn MPRAGE EPI FLAIR Sequence type T1WI T2WI T1WI DWI T2WI TR (ms) 14.0 3000 3500 4200 9000 TE (ms) 5.37 379 3.5 89 96 TI (ms) n/a n/a 350 n/a 2500 Flip angle (deg) 20 Variable refocusing 10 90 120 Resolution (mm) 1.02 × 1.02 0.98 × 0.98 1.1 × 1.1 1.7 × 1.7 1.28 × 0.90 Section thickness (mm) 1.69 1.10 1.2 5.0 4.0 Matrix 320 × 320 232 × 256 204 × 224 130 × 130 179 × 256 Bandwidth (Hz/pix) 150 698 160 1480 201 Scan time (min) 1:59 5:00 6:44 1:13 2:24 Note:—FSPGR indicates fast-spoiled gradient-echo; n/a, not applicable.
Id# Sex Age Diagnosis Side Target 1 M 79 ET R Vim 2 M 74 ET B Vim 3 F 55 Dys B STN 4 M 62 ET B Vim 5 F 62 ET B Vim 6 M 69 ET B Vim 7 M 78 ET B Vim 8 F 67 PD B STN 9 M 64 ET B Vim 10 M 85 PD B STN 11 F 63 PD B GPi 12 F 61 PD B STN 13 M 69 ET B Vim 14 M 79 ET L Vim 15 M 76 PD B STN 16 M 80 PD B STN 17 M 71 PD B STN 18 F 73 PD B STN 19 F 79 PD B GPi 20 M 57 PD B STN/GPi 21 F 79 ET B Vim 22 M 65 ET B Vim 23 M 73 ET B Vim 24 M 70 ET B Vim 25 M 68 PD R STN 26 M 77 PD L STN 27 F 63 PD R STN 28 M 78 PD B GPi 29 M 63 Dys B GPi 30 F 66 PD B STN 31 M 62 PD B STN 32 F 71 PD B STN 33 M 75 PD B STN 34 M 63 ET B Vim Note:—Dys indicates dystonia; R, right; L, left; B, bilateral.
Id # Before Closure After Closure Total # Scans Scan Time (min) 1 - T1, WMn, FLAIR 3 11.1 2 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 14.9 3 - T1, T2, DWI 3 8.2 4 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 14.9 5 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 14.9 6 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 14.9 7 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 14.9 8 - T1, T2, WMn, DWI 4 10.6 9 T1 T1, T2, WMn, DWI 5 12.6 10 - T1, T2, DWI 3 8.2 11 - T1, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 4 12.3 12 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 13 - T1, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 4 12.3 14 - T1, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 4 12.3 15 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 16 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 17 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 18 T1 T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 5 12.6 19 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 20 T1, T2 T1, T2, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 7 24.3 21 - T1, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 4 12.3 22 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 23 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 24 T1 T1, WMn, FLAIR, DWI 5 14.3 25 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 26 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 27 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 28 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 29 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 30 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 31 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 32 - T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI 4 10.6 33 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 34 - T1, FLAIR, DWI 3 5.6 Note:—T1 indicates 3D T1 FLASH; T2, 3D T2 FSE; WMn, white-matter-nulled MPRAGE.
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