Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Transversal MR images of carotid plaque in the right carotid artery. We acquired the following MR images: precontrast T1-weighted QIR TSE (A), postcontrast T1-weighted QIR TSE (B), T1-weighted inversion recovery turbo field echo (C). D, The same image as in B, including the contours delineating intraplaque hemorrhage and the inner and outer vessel wall: white = lumen, gray = outer vessel wall, black = intraplaque hemorrhage. C, A hyperintense signal in the bulk of the plaque can be clearly observed, indicating the presence of intraplaque hemorrhage (black asterisk). B, An interruption of the signal enhancement adjoining the lumen can be observed, indicating a TRFC (white arrow).
- FIG 2.
A patient’s dataset acquired with an inversion recovery turbo field echo sequence. Delineation of the inner and outer vessel walls and IPH in every 2-mm-thick MR imaging section proximal and distal to the section with the narrowest lumen (0 mm). Gray outline = outer vessel wall, white outline = inner vessel wall, black outline= IPH, white arrow (−6 mm to +2 mm) = MR imaging slices in which the FC status is scored as thin or ruptured. The status of the FC was determined by using the postcontrast T1-weighted QIR TSE sequence. There is a larger volume of IPH at the proximal side of the section with the narrowest lumen (0 mm), and most of the slices with a TRFC cap are also located at the proximal side.
- FIG 3.
A, Histogram showing significantly larger mean IPH areas in the proximal region of the plaque compared with the distal region. Mean IPH area percentages are shown for each section in relation to the smallest lumen. The white bar indicates the section with the narrowest lumen (distance = 0 mm), the bars on the left with the negative numbers are slices proximal (proximally), and the bars on the right with the positive numbers indicate the slices distal to the smallest lumen. Each section has a thickness of 2 mm. An asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (P < .05) between the proximal and distal slices using a paired t test. B, Prevalence of a TRFC plotted for each section position with respect to the section with the smallest lumen (0). The bars on the left with the negative numbers are slices proximal, and the bars on the right with the positive numbers indicate the slices distal to the smallest lumen. An asterisk indicates a statistically significant difference (P < .05) between the proximal and distal slices using a McNemar test.
Tables
- Table 1:
Differences in mean IPH area (% of total vessel wall) between proximal and distal regions
Longitudinal Distance from Section with Smallest Lumen (mm) No. of Slices Where Proximal and Distal Sections Are Available Mean % IPH with Respect to Total Vessel Wall Area in the Proximal Region Mean % IPH with Respect to Total Vessel Wall Area in the Distal Region P Value 2 66 14.4 (SD, 1.9) 9.6 (SD, 2.1) .040 4 59 14.7 (SD, 1.7) 5.4 (SD, 1.8) <.001 6 45 11.1 (SD, 1.6) 2.2 (SD, 1.3) .001 8 39 7.5 (SD, 1.5) 2.2 (SD, 1.5) .056 10 34 5.0 (SD, 1.4) 1.1 (SD, 1) .077 Longitudinal Distance from Section with Narrowest Lumen (mm) No. of Slices Where Proximal and Distal Sections Are Available TRFC (No.) (%) Proximal Region TRFC (No.) (%) Distal Region P Value 2 63 28 (33.7) 15 (18.1) .007 4 56 30 (36.1) 6 (7.2) <.001 6 43 28 (33.7) 2 (2.4) .001 8 38 25 (30.1) 3 (3.6) .022 10 33 16 (19.3) 0 (0) 1.0
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