Skip to main content
Advertisement

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
  • Special Collections
    • Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)
    • 2024 AJNR Journal Awards
    • Most Impactful AJNR Articles
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcast
    • AJNR Scantastics
    • Video Articles
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Author Policies
    • Fast publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Submit a Case for the Case Collection
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home
  • Other Publications
    • ajnr

User menu

  • Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
American Journal of Neuroradiology
American Journal of Neuroradiology

American Journal of Neuroradiology

ASHNR American Society of Functional Neuroradiology ASHNR American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology ASSR
  • Alerts
  • Log in

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Accepted Manuscripts
    • Article Preview
    • Past Issue Archive
    • AJNR Case Collection
    • Case of the Week Archive
    • Classic Case Archive
    • Case of the Month Archive
  • Special Collections
    • Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)
    • 2024 AJNR Journal Awards
    • Most Impactful AJNR Articles
  • Multimedia
    • AJNR Podcast
    • AJNR Scantastics
    • Video Articles
  • For Authors
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Author Policies
    • Fast publishing of Accepted Manuscripts
    • Graphical Abstract Preparation
    • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
    • Imaging Protocol Submission
    • Submit a Case for the Case Collection
  • About Us
    • About AJNR
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Permissions
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Advertisers
    • ASNR Home
  • Follow AJNR on Twitter
  • Visit AJNR on Facebook
  • Follow AJNR on Instagram
  • Join AJNR on LinkedIn
  • RSS Feeds

Welcome to the new AJNR, Updated Hall of Fame, and more. Read the full announcements.


AJNR is seeking candidates for the position of Associate Section Editor, AJNR Case Collection. Read the full announcement.

 

Review ArticleHealth Policies/Quality Improvement/Evidence-Based Neuroimaging
Open Access

Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology: A Narrative Review and Case Studies

Nadja Kadom, Zofia M. Lasiecka, Alexander J. Nemeth, Jeffrey B. Rykken, Yvonne W. Lui and David Seidenwurm
American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2024, 45 (3) 250-255; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8077
Nadja Kadom
aFrom the Emory University School of Medicine (N.K.), Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Nadja Kadom
Zofia M. Lasiecka
bEmory University School of Medicine (Z.M.L.), Atlanta, Georgia
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Zofia M. Lasiecka
Alexander J. Nemeth
cNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital (A.J.N.), Chicago, Illinois
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Alexander J. Nemeth
Jeffrey B. Rykken
dUniversity of Minnesota (M-Health) (J.B.R.), Minneapolis
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Jeffrey B. Rykken
Yvonne W. Lui
eNew York University, Grossman School of Medicine (Y.W.L.), New York, New York
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Yvonne W. Lui
David Seidenwurm
fSutter Health (D.S.), Sacramento, California.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for David Seidenwurm
  • Article
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. 1.↵
    1. Higgins T,
    2. Larson E,
    3. Schnall R
    . Unraveling the meaning of patient engagement: a concept analysis. Patient Educ Couns 2017;100:30–36 doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.09.002 pmid:27665500
    CrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. Detmer D,
    2. Singleton P,
    3. Macleod A, et al
    . The informed patient: study report. 2003
  3. 3.↵
    1. Hibbard JH,
    2. Greene J
    . What the evidence shows about patient activation: better health outcomes and care experiences; fewer data on costs. Health Aff (Millwood) 2013;32:207–14 doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1061 pmid:23381511
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  4. 4.↵
    1. Joseph AL,
    2. Kushniruk AW,
    3. Borycki EM
    . Patient journey mapping: current practices, challenges and future opportunities in healthcare. Knowledge Manage e-learning 2020;12:387
  5. 5.↵
    1. LaValley SA,
    2. Kiviniemi MT,
    3. Gage-Bouchard EA
    . Where people look for online health information. Health Info Libr J 2017;34:146–55 doi:10.1111/hir.12143 pmid:27207817
    CrossRefPubMed
  6. 6.↵
    1. Bange M,
    2. Huh E,
    3. Novin SA, et al
    . Readability of patient education materials from RadiologyInfo.org: has there been progress over the past 5 years? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019;213:875–79 doi:10.2214/AJR.18.21047 pmid:31386570
    CrossRefPubMed
  7. 7.↵
    1. Novin SA,
    2. Huh EH,
    3. Bange MG, et al
    . Readability of Spanish-language patient education materials from RadiologyInfo.org. J Am Coll Radiol 2019;16:1108–13 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2018.12.036 pmid:30956087
    CrossRefPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Zygmont ME,
    2. Ikuta I,
    3. Nguyen XV, et al
    . Clinical decision support: impact on appropriate imaging utilization. Acad Radiol 2023;30:1433–40 doi:10.1016/j.acra.2022.10.006 pmid:36336523
    CrossRefPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Montori VM,
    2. Brito JP,
    3. Murad MH
    . The optimal practice of evidence-based medicine: incorporating patient preferences in practice guidelines. JAMA 2013;310:2503–04 doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281422 pmid:24165826
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  10. 10.↵
    Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Is lung cancer screening right for me? https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/lung-cancer-screening-decision-aid.pdf. Accessed June 24, 2023
  11. 11.↵
    1. Victoor A,
    2. Delnoij DM,
    3. Friele RD, et al
    . Determinants of patient choice of healthcare providers: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2012;12:272 doi:10.1186/1472-6963-12-272 pmid:22913549
    CrossRefPubMed
  12. 12.↵
    Medicare. Care compare. https://www.medicare.gov/care-compare/. Accessed June 25, 2023
  13. 13.↵
    Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Hospital price transparency. https://www.cms.gov/hospital-price-transparency#:∼:text=Starting%20January%201%2C%202021%2C%20each,with%20all%20items%20and%20services. Accessed July 11, 2023
  14. 14.↵
    1. Sadigh G,
    2. Carlos RC
    . Price transparency in radiology: challenges and opportunities to improve. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021;217:1243–44 doi:10.2214/AJR.21.25976 pmid:34009001
    CrossRefPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Manik R,
    2. Carlos RC,
    3. Duszak R Jr., et al
    . Costs versus quality in imaging examination decisions. J Am Coll Radiol 2022;19:450–59 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2021.11.015 pmid:35122720
    CrossRefPubMed
  16. 16.↵
    1. Dusheiko M,
    2. Gravelle H
    . Choosing and booking and attending? Impact of an electronic booking system on outpatient referrals and non-attendances. Health Econ 2018;27:357–71 doi:10.1002/hec.3552 pmid:28776868
    CrossRefPubMed
  17. 17.↵
    1. Kruuse-Jensen K,
    2. Madsen KS,
    3. Bruun DM, et al
    . Do outpatients with cancer and their relatives want to use an online booking system to book the appointment and radiographer for their CT examination? A small-scale study in Denmark. Radiography (Lond) 2022;28:174–79 doi:10.1016/j.radi.2021.10.005 pmid:34702667
    CrossRefPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    1. Itri JN
    . Patient-centered radiology. Radiographics 2015;35:1835–46 doi:10.1148/rg.2015150110 pmid:26466190
    CrossRefPubMed
  19. 19.↵
    1. Hamilton-Basich M
    . openDoctor to deliver radiology digital front door experience. AXIS Imaging News. March 9, 2021.
  20. 20.↵
    1. Towbin AJ,
    2. O’Connor T,
    3. Perry LA, et al
    . Using informatics to engage patients. Pediatr Radiol 2020;50:1514–24 doi:10.1007/s00247-020-04767-1 pmid:32935243
    CrossRefPubMed
  21. 21.↵
    1. Ganeshan S,
    2. Pierce L,
    3. Mourad M, et al
    . Impact of patient portal-based self-scheduling of diagnostic imaging studies on health disparities. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2022;29:2096–100 doi:10.1093/jamia/ocac152 pmid:36063414
    CrossRefPubMed
  22. 22.↵
    1. Wahab SA,
    2. Wahab RA,
    3. Butcher B, et al
    . Humanizing radiology appointment education to improve patient experience. J Am Coll Radiol 2022;19:647–51 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2021.12.007 pmid:35331690
    CrossRefPubMed
  23. 23.↵
    1. Ginat DT,
    2. Christoforidis G
    . A printed information leaflet about MRI and radiologists improves neuroradiology patient health literacy. Neuroradiol J 2018;31:609–13 doi:10.1177/1971400918788361 pmid:29999453
    CrossRefPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. Ashmore J,
    2. Di Pietro J,
    3. Williams K, et al
    . A free virtual reality experience to prepare pediatric patients for magnetic resonance imaging: cross-sectional questionnaire study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2019;2:e11684 doi:10.2196/11684
    CrossRef
  25. 25.↵
    1. Harper C,
    2. Jefferies S,
    3. Crosser A, et al
    . Exploring hospital wayfinding systems: touchscreen kiosks, apps and environmental cues. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care (Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 172–175), 2019. Los Angeles: SAGE doi:10.1177/2327857919081042
  26. 26.↵
    RadNet. Virtual Check-iN. https://www.radnet.com/community-radiology/remote-check-in. Accessed July 11, 2023
  27. 27.↵
    1. Vincoff NS,
    2. Barish MA,
    3. Grimaldi G
    . The patient-friendly radiology report: history, evolution, challenges and opportunities. Clin Imaging 2022;89:128–35 doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.06.018 pmid:35803159
    CrossRefPubMed
  28. 28.↵
    1. Bankier AA,
    2. O’Donnell CR,
    3. Boiselle PM
    . Quality initiatives. Respiratory instructions for CT examinations of the lungs: a hands-on guide. Radiographics 2008;28:919–31 doi:10.1148/rg.284085035 pmid:18635620
    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  29. 29.↵
    1. Lang EV
    . Managing distress, discomfort, and anxiety in imaging. Radiol Manage 2011;33:55–58 pmid:21870690
    PubMed
  30. 30.↵
    1. Niehoff JH,
    2. Heuser A,
    3. Michael AE, et al
    . Patient comfort in modern computed tomography: what really counts. Tomography 2022;8:1401–12 doi:10.3390/tomography8030113 pmid:35645399
    CrossRefPubMed
  31. 31.↵
    1. Oztek MA,
    2. Brunnquell CL,
    3. Hoff MN, et al
    . Practical considerations for radiologists in implementing a patient-friendly MRI experience. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2020;29:181–86 doi:10.1097/RMR.0000000000000247 pmid:32511199
    CrossRefPubMed
  32. 32.↵
    1. Pahade J,
    2. Couto C,
    3. Davis RB, et al
    . Reviewing imaging examination results with a radiologist immediately after study completion: patient preferences and assessment of feasibility in an academic department. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012;199:844–51 doi:10.2214/AJR.11.8064 pmid:22997377
    CrossRefPubMed
  33. 33.↵
    1. Mohan SK,
    2. Hudgins PA,
    3. Patel MR, et al
    . Making time for patients: positive impact of direct patient reporting. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018;210:W12–17 doi:10.2214/AJR.17.18327 pmid:29220209
    CrossRefPubMed
  34. 34.↵
    1. Grimm LJ,
    2. Fish LJ,
    3. Carrico CW, et al
    . Radiology stereotypes, application barriers, and hospital integration: a mixed-methods study of medical student perceptions of radiology. Acad Radiol 2022;29:1108–15 doi:10.1016/j.acra.2021.08.020 pmid:34563441
    CrossRefPubMed
  35. 35.↵
    1. Gutzeit A,
    2. Sartoretti E,
    3. Reisinger C, et al
    . Direct communication between radiologists and patients improves the quality of imaging reports. Eur Radiol 2021;31:8725–32 doi:10.1007/s00330-021-07933-7 pmid:33909134
    CrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. Rockall AG,
    2. Justich C,
    3. Helbich T, et al
    . Patient communication in radiology: moving up the agenda. Eur J Radiol 2022;155:110464 doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110464 pmid:36038410
    CrossRefPubMed
  37. 37.↵
    1. Harvey JA,
    2. Cohen MA,
    3. Brenin DR, et al
    . Breaking bad news: a primer for radiologists in breast imaging. J Am Coll Radiol 2007;4:800–08 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2007.06.009 pmid:17964502
    CrossRefPubMed
  38. 38.↵
    American College of Radiology. Communication curriculum. https://www.acr.org/Member-Resources/rfs/learning/Communication-for-Radiology-Residents. Accessed July 12, 2023
  39. 39.↵
    1. Brown SD,
    2. Rider EA,
    3. Jamieson K, et al
    . Development of a standardized Kalamazoo communication skills assessment tool for radiologists: validation, multisource reliability, and lessons learned. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017;209:351–57 doi:10.2214/AJR.16.17439 pmid:28537754
    CrossRefPubMed
  40. 40.↵
    1. Koney N,
    2. Roudenko A,
    3. Ro M, et al
    . Patients want to meet with imaging experts. J Am Coll Radiol 2016;13:465–70 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2015.11.011 pmid:26857485
    CrossRefPubMed
  41. 41.↵
    1. Potter T,
    2. Schaefer TJ
    . Hypertensive Encephalopathy. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554499. Accessed July 12, 2023
  42. 42.↵
    1. Howard L,
    2. Wessely S,
    3. Leese M, et al
    . Are investigations anxiolytic or anxiogenic? A randomised controlled trial of neuroimaging to provide reassurance in chronic daily headache. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005;76:1558–64 doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.057851 pmid:16227551
    Abstract/FREE Full Text
  43. 43.↵
    1. Hoang JK
    . Avoid jargon terms for normal. J Am Coll Radiol 2015;12:546 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2015.03.018 pmid:26047396
    CrossRefPubMed
  44. 44.↵
    1. Mishra VK,
    2. Hoyt RE,
    3. Wolver SE, et al
    . Qualitative and quantitative analysis of patients’ perceptions of the patient portal experience with OpenNotes. Appl Clin Inform 2019;10:10–18 doi:10.1055/s-0038-1676588 pmid:30602196
    CrossRefPubMed
  45. 45.↵
    American College of Radiology Data Science Institute. Patient Friendly Report Summary. https://www.acrdsi.org/DSI-Services/Define-AI/Use-Cases/Automated-Patient-Friendly-Report-Summary. Accessed June 24, 2023
  46. 46.↵
    1. Lyu Q,
    2. Tan J,
    3. Zapadka ME, et al
    . Translating radiology reports into plain language using ChatGPT and GPT-4 with prompt learning: results, limitations, and potential. Vis Comput Ind Biomed Art 2023;6:9 doi:10.1186/s42492-023-00136-5 pmid:37198498
    CrossRefPubMed
  47. 47.↵
    1. Folio LR,
    2. Machado LB,
    3. Dwyer AJ
    . Multimedia-enhanced radiology reports: concept, components, and challenges. Radiographics 2018;38:462–82 doi:10.1148/rg.2017170047 pmid:29528822
    CrossRefPubMed
  48. 48.↵
    1. Mangano MD,
    2. Rahman A,
    3. Choy G, et al
    . Radiologists’ role in the communication of imaging examination results to patients: perceptions and preferences of patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014;203:1034–39 doi:10.2214/AJR.14.12470 pmid:25341142
    CrossRefPubMed
  49. 49.↵
    1. Kemp J,
    2. Gannuch G,
    3. Kornbluth C, et al
    . Radiologists include contact telephone number in reports: experience with patient interaction. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020;215:673–78 doi:10.2214/AJR.19.22713 pmid:32755165
    CrossRefPubMed
  50. 50.↵
    1. Panagides JC,
    2. Achuck E,
    3. Daye D
    . Synchronous virtual patient consultations in radiology. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2022;219:164–65 doi:10.2214/AJR.21.27270 pmid:35080459
    CrossRefPubMed
  51. 51.↵
    1. Kadom N,
    2. Tamasi S,
    3. Vey BL, et al
    . Info-RADS: adding a message for patients in radiology reports. J Am Coll Radiol 2021;18:128–32 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2020.09.049 pmid:33068534
    CrossRefPubMed
  52. 52.↵
    1. Smith B,
    2. Magnani JW
    . New technologies, new disparities: the intersection of electronic health and digital health literacy. Int J Cardiol 2019;292:280–82 doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.05.066 pmid:31171391
    CrossRefPubMed
  53. 53.↵
    1. Mabotuwana T,
    2. Hall CS,
    3. Hombal V, et al
    . Automated tracking of follow-up imaging recommendations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019;212:1287–94 doi:10.2214/AJR.18.20586 pmid:30860895
    CrossRefPubMed
  54. 54.↵
    1. Mannix J,
    2. LaVoye J,
    3. Wasserman M, et al
    . Notification system for overdue radiology recommendations improves rates of follow-up and diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021;217:515–20 doi:10.2214/AJR.20.23173 pmid:34076452
    CrossRefPubMed
  55. 55.↵
    1. Mattay GS,
    2. Mittl GS,
    3. Zafar HM, et al
    . Early impact of Pennsylvania Act 112 on follow-up of abnormal imaging findings. J Am Coll Radiol 2020;17:1676–83 doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2020.05.014 pmid:32579883
    CrossRefPubMed
  56. 56.↵
    1. Loftus R,
    2. Kadom N,
    3. Wandtke B
    . Impact of early direct patient notification on follow-up completion for non-urgent actionable incidental radiology findings. J Am Coll Radiol 2023 Oct 9:S1546–1440(23)00758–55
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

American Journal of Neuroradiology: 45 (3)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 45, Issue 3
1 Mar 2024
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
  • Complete Issue (PDF)
Advertisement
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology: A Narrative Review and Case Studies
(Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Cite this article
Nadja Kadom, Zofia M. Lasiecka, Alexander J. Nemeth, Jeffrey B. Rykken, Yvonne W. Lui, David Seidenwurm
Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology: A Narrative Review and Case Studies
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2024, 45 (3) 250-255; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8077

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
0 Responses
Respond to this article
Share
Bookmark this article
Patient Engagement in Neuroradiology
Nadja Kadom, Zofia M. Lasiecka, Alexander J. Nemeth, Jeffrey B. Rykken, Yvonne W. Lui, David Seidenwurm
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2024, 45 (3) 250-255; DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8077
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Purchase

Jump to section

  • Article
    • SUMMARY:
    • ABBREVIATION:
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • Footnotes
    • REFERENCES
  • Supplemental
  • Info & Metrics
  • Responses
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Crossref
  • Google Scholar

This article has not yet been cited by articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

More in this TOC Section

  • ASNR Gadolinium Contrast Use in CKD Patients
  • Impact of Volume on Neuroradiology Error Rates
  • 2023 Academic Neuroradiology Update
Show more Health Policies/Quality Improvement/Evidence-Based Neuroimaging

Similar Articles

Advertisement

Indexed Content

  • Current Issue
  • Accepted Manuscripts
  • Article Preview
  • Past Issues
  • Editorials
  • Editors Choice
  • Fellow Journal Club
  • Letters to the Editor

Cases

  • Case Collection
  • Archive - Case of the Week
  • Archive - Case of the Month
  • Archive - Classic Case

Special Collections

  • Special Collections

Resources

  • News and Updates
  • Turn around Times
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Author Policies
  • Manuscript Submission Guidelines
  • Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide
  • Publishing Checklists
  • Graphical Abstract Preparation
  • Imaging Protocol Submission
  • Submit a Case
  • Become a Reviewer/Academy of Reviewers
  • Get Peer Review Credit from Publons

Multimedia

  • AJNR Podcast
  • AJNR SCANtastic
  • Video Articles

About Us

  • About AJNR
  • Editorial Board
  • Not an AJNR Subscriber? Join Now
  • Alerts
  • Feedback
  • Advertise with us
  • Librarian Resources
  • Permissions
  • Terms and Conditions

American Society of Neuroradiology

  • Not an ASNR Member? Join Now

© 2025 by the American Society of Neuroradiology All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X

Powered by HighWire