Clinical Applications of Simultaneous PET/MR Imaging Using (R)-[¹¹C]-Verapamil with Cyclosporin A: Preliminary Results on a Surrogate Marker of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.

From the Department of Neurology (J.-W.S., K.C., K.-H.J., S.-T.L., J.M., D.Y.L., S.K.L.), Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (S.A.S., Y.-S.L., J.S.L., D.S.L.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.A.S., J.S.L.), Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology (J.-W.S.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; and Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences (Y.-S.L., D.S.L.), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Kyunggi, South Korea.