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Research ArticleHead and Neck Imaging

Inter- and Intrareader Agreement of NI-RADS in the Interpretation of Surveillance Contrast-Enhanced CT after Treatment of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

F.H.J. Elsholtz, S.-R. Ro, S. Shnayien, C. Erxleben, H.-C. Bauknecht, J. Lenk, L.-A. Schaafs, B. Hamm and S.M. Niehues
American Journal of Neuroradiology April 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6529
F.H.J. Elsholtz
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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S.-R. Ro
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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S. Shnayien
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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C. Erxleben
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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H.-C. Bauknecht
bInstitute of Neuroradiology (H.-C.B.), Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
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J. Lenk
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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L.-A. Schaafs
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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B. Hamm
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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S.M. Niehues
aFrom the Institute of Radiology (F.H.J.E., S.-R.R., S.S., C.E., J.L., L.-A.S., B.H., S.M.N.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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Article Figures & Data

Figures

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  • FIG 1.
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    FIG 1.

    Flow chart of study participants.

  • FIG 2.
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    FIG 2.

    Score distribution chart for all 101 patients. Score counts are coded as shades of blue. Two columns (PCon and NCon) provide the result of the confirmation study. Arrows with numbers refer to figures providing CT images of respective patients. PCon and NCon indicate the results of the confirmation studies for the primary site and the neck; P1, P2a, P2b, P3, P4, NI-RADS categories for the primary site; N1, N2, N3, N4, NI-RADS categories for the neck.

  • FIG 3.
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    FIG 3.

    Pretreatment CT (A) of a patient with OCSCC located in the right glossopharyngeal sulcus. Posttreatment CT (B) of the same patient obtained 36 months after resection and neck dissection on the right side (B). A NI-RADS score of 1 was assigned in B for the primary site by all 4 readers. The white arrow indicates the cancer lesion in the primary site (A) and the fattily degenerated muscle flap after resection (B).

  • FIG 4.
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    FIG 4.

    Posttreatment CTs of a patient with OPSCC located in the left mouth floor obtained 3 months (A) and 15 months (B) after resection and neck dissection on the left side. A NI-RADS score of 4 was assigned in B for the primary site by all 4 readers. Histopathology confirmed recurrence. The white arrow indicates a new enhancing mass in the mouth floor.

  • FIG 5.
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    FIG 5.

    Posttreatment CTs of a patient with OCSCC located in the anterior mouth floor obtained 12  (A) and 24  (B) months after resection and bilateral neck dissection. The patient’s position differed slightly between the 2 posttreatment CT scans. NI-RADS scores of 2a, 2b, 1, and 1 reflect inconsistent interpretation of the primary site (indicated by the white arrows) in B. Histopathology revealed no malignancy.

  • FIG 6.
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    FIG 6.

    Pretreatment CT (A) of a patient with OCSCC located in the buccal mucosa in the upper left quadrant. Posttreatment CT (B) of the same patient 3 months after resection and neck dissection on the left side shows an enlarged and necrotic parotid lymph node on the left side as indicated by the white arrows. A NI-RADS score of 3 was assigned in B for the neck by all 4 readers, and histopathology confirmed malignancy.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Interreader agreement

    GroupPrimary SiteNeck
    WτBκFκwWτBκFκw
    Overall0.740.480.800.50
    More experienced readers0.500.800.600.76
    Less experienced readers0.820.960.960.99
    No recurrence0.560.300.560.29
    Recurrence0.960.650.780.41
    NI-RADS 1 and 2 merged0.510.230.560.26
    NI-RADS 3 and 4 merged0.850.560.590.44
    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Intrareader agreement

    ReaderPrimary SiteNeck
    τBκwτBκw
    A0.730.850.860.93
    B0.670.900.860.95
    C0.820.960.860.94
    D0.760.920.760.89
    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Score counts and recurrence rates for each category based on majority decisiona

    NI-RADS ScoreScore CountRecurrenceNo RecurrenceRecurrence Rate
    Primary 1843813.57%
    Primary 2a6060%
    Primary 2b31233.33%
    Primary 342250%
    Primary 4440100%
    Node 1830830%
    Node 271614.29%
    Node 354180%
    Node 465183.33%
    • ↵a The most experienced reader D was decisive in case of tied score counts.

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F.H.J. Elsholtz, S.-R. Ro, S. Shnayien, C. Erxleben, H.-C. Bauknecht, J. Lenk, L.-A. Schaafs, B. Hamm, S.M. Niehues
Inter- and Intrareader Agreement of NI-RADS in the Interpretation of Surveillance Contrast-Enhanced CT after Treatment of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
American Journal of Neuroradiology Apr 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6529

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Inter- and Intrareader Agreement of NI-RADS in the Interpretation of Surveillance Contrast-Enhanced CT after Treatment of Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
F.H.J. Elsholtz, S.-R. Ro, S. Shnayien, C. Erxleben, H.-C. Bauknecht, J. Lenk, L.-A. Schaafs, B. Hamm, S.M. Niehues
American Journal of Neuroradiology Apr 2020, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A6529
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