Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIG 1.
Standard observation slices for the image-based evaluation of the main, temporofacial, and cervicofacial trunks of the extracranial facial nerve of healthy volunteers in the oblique sagittal plane. The facial nerve shows a high signal on the DESS-WE image (A) and a low signal on the CISS image (B), with yellow arrowheads identifying the main trunk of the facial nerve, blue ones identifying the temporofacial trunk, and green ones pointing out the cervicofacial trunk.
- FIG 2.
Image quality assessment of parotid tumors. Representative images of the clarity of tumor lesions in DESS-WE sequence (A–C) and CISS sequence (D–F); the continuity of the facial nerve to the level of the tumor in the oblique sagittal plane (A, D); and the relative position of the facial nerve to the tumor and the diagnostic confidence of the tumor localization in the oblique sagittal (A, D), transverse (B, E), and oblique coronal planes (C, F). Yellow arrowheads identify the main trunk of the facial nerve, and red asterisks (*) denote the tumor.
- FIG 3.
Subjective evaluation of the quality of DESS-WE and CISS images. All subgroups, including 16 healthy volunteers (32 facial nerves) and 25 patients (30 parotid tumors), were scored on a 5-point scale for multiple parameters, with scores of ≥3 indicating satisfactory quality and scores of 1–2 indicating unsatisfactory quality.
Tables
Parameter DESS-WE CISS TR (ms) 13.64 5.83 TE (ms) 4.68 2.57 Section thickness 0.5 0.5 Field of view (mm) 160 × 160 160 × 160 Matrix size 320 × 320 320 × 320 Voxel size (mm) 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 Band width (Hx/pixel) 315 504 Flip angle (°) 28 45 Acceleration method PAT (GRAPPA) – Number of acceleration factor 2 – Gradient times 80 mT/m, 200 T/m/s 80 mT/m, 200 T/m/s Number of averages 1 1 Fat suppression Water excitation – Number of sections 160 160 Acquisition time 7 minutes, 39 seconds 10 minutes, 18 seconds Note:—GRAPPA indicates generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions; PAT, parallel acquisition technique.
Participants DESS-WE Mean ± SD (Range) CISS Mean ± SD (Range) P SNR Healthy volunteers 17.14 ± 3.19 (9.42–21.99) 49.81 ± 11.27 (29.65–73.27) <.001 Patients 17.13 ± 5.00 (8.27–26.34) 46.85 ± 14.11 (30.26–102.45) <.001 Overall 17.14 ± 4.13 (8.27–26.34) 48.38 ± 12.70 (29.65–102.45) <.001 CNR Healthy volunteers 7.07 ± 2.39 (2.88–11.73) 54.10 ± 17.07 (25.18–91.20) <.001 Patients 7.26 ± 3.65 (1.49–14.83) 50.45 ± 13.39 (29.39–80.24) <.001 Overall 7.21 ± 2.94 (1.49–14.83) 52.33 ± 15.38 (24.18–91.20) <.001 Participants Segmentation DESS-WE CISS Interrater κ (95% CI) Healthy volunteers Facial nerve trunk visibility 0.724 (0.477–0.971) 0.796 (0.660–0.994) Temporofacial trunk visibility 0.753 (0.533–0.972) 0.816 (0.644–0.988) Cervicofacial trunk visibility 0.738 (0.522–0.954) 0.809 (0.635–0.983) Intrarater κ (95% CI) Healthy volunteers Facial nerve trunk visibility 0.740 (0.503–0.977) 0.783 (0.580–0.995) Temporofacial trunk visibility 0.759 (0.553–0.966) 0.805 (0.623–0.986) Cervicofacial trunk visibility 0.728 (0.487–0.968) 0.755 (0.557–0.952) Interrater κ (95% CI) Patients Clarity of tumor margin 0.841 (0.692–0.989) 0.797 (0.625–0.968) Continuity 0.810 (0.646–0.974) 0.774 (0.551–0.997) Spatial relationship 0.793 (0.624–0.963) 0.784 (0.575–0.993) Diagnostic confidence 0.784 (0.638–0.931) 0.780 (0.566–0.994) Intrarater κ (95% CI) Patients Clarity of tumor margin 0.817 (0.651–0.982) 0.763 (0.584–0.943) Continuity 0.794 (0.604–0.982) 0.757 (0.568–0.946) Spatial relationship 0.854 (0.726–0.983) 0.779 (0.563–0.996) Diagnostic confidence 0.870 (0.750–0.989) 0.786 (0.584–0.989) Note:—Continuity indicates continuity of the facial nerve trunk from the foramen to the level of the parotid tumor; spatial relationship, the relative position of the facial nerve in relation to the tumor.
- Table 4:
Visibility of the DESS-WE and CISS images for the localization of parotid tumors (n = 30)
Imaging Findings Surgical Findings Diagnostic Performance Deep Lobe + Deep Lobe − AUC (95% CI) Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity DESS-WE Deep lobe + 4 3 0.942 (0.792–0.994) 90% 100% 88.5% Deep lobe − 0 23 CISS Deep lobe + 4 1 0.981 (0.850–1.000) 96.7% 100% 96.2% Deep lobe − 0 25 P 0.1489 Note:—AUC indicates area under the curve.
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.