Brain Metabolite Profiles of T1-Hypointense Lesions in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

References

1. ↵
   Simon JH. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging in the evaluation of treatment response and prediction of outcome in multiple sclerosis. J Magn Reson Imag 1997;7:29–37

   PubMedWeb of Science
2. Grossman RI, McGowan JC. Perspectives on multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:1251–1265

   PubMedWeb of Science
3. ↵
   McFarland HF, Barkhof F, Antel J, Miller DH. The role of MRI as a surrogate outcome measure in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2002;8:40–51

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
4. ↵
   Miki Y, Grossman RI, Udupa JK, et al. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: longitudinal analysis of MR images: lack of correlation between changes in T2 lesion volume and clinical findings. Radiology 1999;213:395–399

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. ↵
   Ciccarelli O, Brex PA, Thompson AJ, Miller DH. Disability and lesion load in MS: a reassessment with MS functional composite score and 3D fast FLAIR. J Neurol 2002;249:18–24

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Barkhof F, Karas GB, van Walderveen MA. T1 hypointensities and axonal loss. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2000;10:739–752

   PubMedWeb of Science
7. ↵
   Uhlenbrock D, Sehlen S. The value of T1-weighted images in the differentiation between MS, white matter lesions, and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE). Neuroradiology 1989;31:203–212

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
8. ↵
   van Walderveen MA, Barkhof F, Hommes OR, et al. Correlating MRI and clinical disease activity in multiple sclerosis: relevance of hypointense lesions on short-TR/short-TE (T1-weighted) spin-echo images. Neurology 1995;45:1684–1690

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
9. ↵
   Truyen L, van Waesberghe JH, van Walderveen MA, et al. Accumulation of hypointense lesions (“black holes”) on T1 spin-echo MRI correlates with disease progression in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1996;47:1469–1476

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. ↵
    Filippi M, Cercignani M, Inglese M, Horsfield MA, Comi G. Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2001;56:304–311

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. ↵
    Hiehle JF Jr, Grossman RI, Ramer KN, Gonzalez-Scarano F, Cohen JA. Magnetization transfer effects in MR-detected multiple sclerosis lesions: comparison with gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo images and nonenhanced T1-weighted images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:69–77

    Abstract
12. Loevner LA, Grossman RI, McGowan JC, Ramer KN, Cohen JA. Characterization of multiple sclerosis plaques with T1-weighted MR and quantitative magnetization transfer. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995;16:1473–1479

    Abstract
13. ↵
    van Walderveen MA, Kamphorst W, Scheltens P, et al. Histopathologic correlate of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted spin-echo MRI in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1998;50:1282–1288

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
14. ↵
    Simon JH, Lull J, Jacobs LD, et al. A longitudinal study of T1 hypointense lesions in relapsing MS: MSCRG trial of interferon beta-1a. Neurology 2000;55:185–192

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
15. ↵
    van Walderveen MA, Barkhof F, Pouwels PJ, van Schijndel RA, Polman CH, Castelijns JA. Neuronal damage in T1-hypointense multiple sclerosis lesions demonstrated in vivo using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Ann Neurol 1999;46:79–87

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
16. ↵
    Brex PA, Parker GJ, Leary SM, et al. Lesion heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis: a study of the relations between appearances on T1 weighted images, T1 relaxation times, and metabolite concentrations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68:627–632

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
17. ↵
    Bitsch A, Kuhlmann T, Stadelmann C, Lassmann H, Lucchinetti C, Bruck W. A longitudinal MRI study of histopathologically defined hypointense multiple sclerosis lesions. Ann Neurol 2001;49:793–796

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
18. ↵
    Weinshenker BG. Natural history of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1994;36:S6–S11
19. ↵
    Hu J, Javaid T, Arias-Mendoza F, Liu Z, McNamara R, Brown TR. A fast, reliable, automatic shimming procedure using 1H chemical-shift-imaging spectroscopy. J Magn Reson B 1995;108:213–219

    CrossRefPubMed
20. ↵
    Gonen O, Murdoch JB, Stoyanova R, Goelman G. 3D multivoxel proton spectroscopy of human brain using a hybrid of 8th-order Hadamard encoding with 2D chemical shift imaging. Magn Reson Med 1998;39:34–40

    PubMed
21. ↵
    Kreis R, Ernst T, Ross BD. Absolute concentrations of water and metabolites in the human brain: II. metabolite concentrations. J Magn Reson 1993;102:9–19

    CrossRefWeb of Science
22. ↵
    Soher BJ, van Zijl PC, Duyn JH, Barker PB. Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of the human brain. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:356–363

    PubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    Marion D, Ikura M, Bax A. Improved solvent suppression in one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra by convolution of time domain data. J Magn Reson 1989;84:425–430

    Web of Science
24. ↵
    Campbell ID, Dobson CM, Williams RJ, Xavier ZV. Resolution enhancement of protein PMR spectra using the difference between a broadened and normal spectrum. J Magn Reson 1973;11:172–181
25. ↵
    Vigneron DB, Nelson SJ, Murphy-Boesch J, et al. Chemical shift imaging of human brain: axial, sagittal, and coronal P-31 metabolite images. Radiology 1990;177:643–649

    PubMedWeb of Science
26. ↵
    Soher BJ, Young K, Govindaraju V, Maudsley AA. Automated spectral analysis III: application to in vivo proton MR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging. Magn Reson Med 1998;40:822–831

    PubMedWeb of Science
27. ↵
    Soher BJ, Young K, Maudsley AA. Representation of strong baseline contributions in ¹H MR spectra. Magn Reson Med 2001;45:966–972

    CrossRefPubMed
28. ↵
    Henriksen O. In vivo quantitation of metabolite concentrations in the brain by means of proton MRS. NMR Biomed 1995;8:139–148

    PubMedWeb of Science
29. ↵
    Christiansen P, Larsson HB, Henriksen O. Time dependence of N-acetylaspartate and choline containing compounds in multiple sclerosis. In: Proceedings of the Meeting of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.vol 1 . New York:1993 :279–279
30. ↵
    Christiansen P, Toft P, Larsson HB, Stubgaard M, Henriksen O. The concentration of N-acetyl aspartate, creatine + phosphocreatine, and choline in different parts of the brain in adulthood and senium. Magn Reson Imaging 1993;11:799–806

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
31. ↵
    van Waesberghe JH, van Walderveen MA, Castelijns JA, et al. Patterns of lesion development in multiple sclerosis: longitudinal observations with T1-weighted spin-echo and magnetization transfer MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:675–683

    Abstract
32. ↵
    Li BS, Babb JS, Soher BJ, Maudsley AA, Gonen O. Reproducibility of 3D proton spectroscopy in the human brain. Magn Reson Med 2002;47:439–446

    CrossRefPubMed
33. ↵
    Davie CA, Hawkins CP, Barker GJ, et al. Serial proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in acute multiple sclerosis lesions. Brain 1994;117:49–58

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
34. ↵
    Lassmann H, Bruck W, Lucchinetti C, Rodriguez M. Remyelination in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 1997;3:133–136

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
35. ↵
    Miller BL. A review of chemical issues in 1H NMR spectroscopy: N-acetyl-l-aspartate, creatine and choline. NMR Biomed 1991;4:47–52

    PubMedWeb of Science
36. ↵
    Mader I, Roser W, Kappos L, et al. Serial proton MR spectroscopy of contrast-enhancing multiple sclerosis plaques: absolute metabolic values over 2 years during a clinical pharmacological study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000;21:1220–1227

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
37. ↵
    McIlwain H, Bachelard H.S. Biochemistry and the Central Nervous System. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone;1985
38. ↵
    Arnold DL, Matthews PM, Francis GS, O’Connor J, Antel JP. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging for metabolic characterization of demyelinating plaques. Ann Neurol 1992;31:235–241

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
39. Husted CA, Goodin DS, Hugg JW, et al. Biochemical alterations in multiple sclerosis lesions and normal-appearing white matter detected by in vivo 31P and 1H spectroscopic imaging Ann Neurol 1994;36:157–165

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
40. ↵
    Brenner RE, Munro PM, Williams SC, et al. The proton NMR spectrum in acute EAE: the significance of the change in the Cho:Cr ratio. Magn Reson Med 1993;29:737–745

    PubMedWeb of Science
41. ↵
    Urenjak J, Williams SR, Gadian DG, Noble M. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy unambiguously identifies different neural cell types. J Neuroscience 1993;13:981–989

    Abstract
42. ↵
    van Waesberghe JH, Kamphorst W, De Groot CJ, et al. Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability. Ann Neurol 1999;46:747–754

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
43. ↵
    Barkhof F, van Walderveen M. Characterization of tissue damage in multiple sclerosis by nuclear magnetic resonance. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1999;354:1675–1686

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
44. ↵
    Arnold DL, Wolinsky JS, Matthews PM, Falini A. The use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the evaluation of the natural history of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998;94 S1:S94–S101
45. De Stefano N, Narayanan S, Pelletier D, Francis GS, Antel JP, Arnold DL. Evidence of early axonal damage in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1999;52:A378–A378
46. ↵
    De Stefano N, Narayanan S, Francis GS, et al. Evidence of axonal damage in the early stages of multiple sclerosis and its relevance to disability. Arch Neurol 2001;58:65–70

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science