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Research ArticleBRAIN

Correlations of Hippocampal Atrophy and Focal Low-Frequency Magnetic Activity in Alzheimer Disease: Volumetric MR Imaging-Magnetoencephalographic Study

Alberto Fernández, Juan Arrazola, Fernando Maestú, Carlos Amo, Pedro Gil-Gregorio, Christian Wienbruch and Tomás Ortiz
American Journal of Neuroradiology March 2003, 24 (3) 481-487;
Alberto Fernández
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Juan Arrazola
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Fernando Maestú
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Carlos Amo
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Pedro Gil-Gregorio
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Christian Wienbruch
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Tomás Ortiz
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  • Fig 1.
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    Fig 1.

    T1-weighted MR images display the relative global cerebral volume in a patient with AD in axial and sagittal views. Green represents the final region where the volume calculation was performed.

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    Fig 2.

    T1-weighted MR images display the relative hippocampal volume in a patient with AD in the axial and sagittal planes. Green represents the final region where the volume calculation was performed.

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    Fig 3.

    Histogram representing the results of the discriminant analysis for the Alzheimer group: x axis reflects canonical scores, and y axis reflects the number of subjects who obtained every canonical score. Those with canonical scores below zero were classified as belonging to the AD group; three controls were incorrectly classified within the AD group.

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    Fig 4.

    Histogram representing the results of the discriminant analysis for the control group: x axis reflects canonical scores, and y axis reflects the number of subjects who obtained every canonical score. Those with canonical scores greater than zero were classified as controls; one AD patient was incorrectly classified as belonging to the control group.

Tables

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    TABLE 1:

    Demographic data and cognitive and functional status of the sample

    Measure and GroupMeanSD
    Age, y
     AD76.271.21
     Control73.681.32
    CAMCOG
     AD55.666.01
     Control80.897.83
    MMSE
     AD19.932.28
     Control31.362.49
    FAST
     AD3.460.5
     Control1.360.59
    • Note.—Regarding MMSE scores, in the Spanish version by Lobo and Ezquerra (26), the maximum score is 35.

    • View popup
    TABLE 2:

    Means and SDs of the 10 MEG DD variables for delta and theta bands

    VariableDelta BandVariableTheta Band
    MeanSDMeanSD
    A: AD group
    LF_D.406.094LF_T.868.221
    RF_D.327.079RF_T.811.294
    LP_D1.190*.209LP_T1.959*.333
    RP_D.982*.162RP_T2.418*.405
    LPF_D.794.174LPF_T.682.146
    RPF_D.604.175RPF_T.410.117
    LT_D.313*.071LT_T.531*.119
    RT_D.225.059RT_T.833*.185
    LO_D.219.108LO_T.320.145
    RO_D.256.093RO_T.328.106
    B: Control group
    LF_D.213.091LF_T.545.214
    RF_D.193.076RF_T.395.284
    LP_D.354.202LP_T.884.322
    RP_D.288.157RP_T.879.392
    LPF_D.435.168LPF_T.454.141
    RPF_D.459.169RPF_T.381.113
    LT_D6.140E-02.068LT_T.141.115
    RT_D6.284E-02.057RT_T.189.180
    LO_D4.439E-02.105LO_T.225.141
    RO_D7.432E-02.090RO_T.178.103
    • Note.—Abbreviations are as follows: LF_D, left frontal delta; RF_D, right frontal delta; LP_D, left parietal delta; RP_D, right parietal delta; LPF_D, left prefrontal delta; RPF_D, right prefrontal delta; LT_D, left temporal delta; RT_D, right temporal delta; LO_D, left occipital delta; RO_D, right occipital delta; LF_T, left frontal theta; RF_T, right frontal theta; LP_T, left parietal theta; RP_T, right parietal theta; LPF_T, left prefrontal theta; RPF_T, right prefrontal theta; LT_T, left temporal theta; RT_T, right temporal theta; LO_T, left occipital theta; and RO_T, right occipital theta.

    • * Variables with significant differences between groups. For more information, see Fernández et al (22).

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    TABLE 3:

    Correlation coefficients between MEG and MRI variables

    MEG VariableMRI Variable
    CVrRTVrLTVrRHVrLHVr
    Left parietal_delta−.35*−.23−.35†−.42‡−.47§
    Right parietal_delta−.26−.25−.39†−.37†−.41‡
    Left temporal_delta−.29−.12−.21−.33*−.46§
    Left parietal_theta−.38†−.25−.37‡−.40‡−.44§
    Right parietal_theta−.29−.20−.30−.26−.34
    Left temporal_theta−.34*−.26−.29−.31*−.40‡
    Right temporal_theta−.11−.23−.30−.21−0.22
    • * P < .05.

    • † P < .025.

    • ‡ P < .01.

    • § P < .002.

    • View popup
    TABLE 4:

    Results of discriminant analysis classification

    GroupPredicted GroupTotal
    ADControl
    Original
     Count
      AD12315
      Control11516
      Ungrouped cases358
     Percentage, %
      AD80.020.0100.0
      Control6.393.8100.0
      Ungrouped cases37.562.5100.0
    Cross-validated
     Count
      AD12315
      Control11516
     Percentage, %
      Alzheimer80.020.0100.0
      Control6.393.8100.0
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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 24 (3)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
Vol. 24, Issue 3
1 Mar 2003
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Alberto Fernández, Juan Arrazola, Fernando Maestú, Carlos Amo, Pedro Gil-Gregorio, Christian Wienbruch, Tomás Ortiz
Correlations of Hippocampal Atrophy and Focal Low-Frequency Magnetic Activity in Alzheimer Disease: Volumetric MR Imaging-Magnetoencephalographic Study
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2003, 24 (3) 481-487;

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Correlations of Hippocampal Atrophy and Focal Low-Frequency Magnetic Activity in Alzheimer Disease: Volumetric MR Imaging-Magnetoencephalographic Study
Alberto Fernández, Juan Arrazola, Fernando Maestú, Carlos Amo, Pedro Gil-Gregorio, Christian Wienbruch, Tomás Ortiz
American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 2003, 24 (3) 481-487;
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