MR Imaging in the Presurgical Workup of Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

References

1. ↵
   von Oertzen J, Urbach H, Jungblut S, et al. Standard MRI is inadequate for patients with refractory focal epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;73:643–647

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
2. ↵
   Engel J Jr, Van Ness PC, Rasmussen TB, Ojemann LM. Outcome with respect to epileptic seizures. In: Engel J Jr, ed. Surgical Treatment of the Epilepsies. New York: Raven Press,1993;609–621
3. ↵
   Zabramski JM, Wascher TM, Spetzler RF, et al. The natural history of familial cavernous malformations: results of an ongoing study. J Neurosurg 1994;80:422–432

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
4. ↵
   Schramm J, Kral T, Clusmann H. Transsylvian keyhole functional hemispherectomy. Neurosurgery 2001;49:891–900

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
5. ↵
   Siegel AM, Jobst BC, Thadani VM, et al. Medically intractable localization-related epilepsy with normal MRI: presurgical evaluation and surgical outcome in 43 patients. Epilepsia 2001;42:883–888

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Brooks BS, King DW, Gammal T, et al. MR imaging in patients with intractable complex partial seizures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1990;11:93–99

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
7. ↵
   Jackson GD, Berkovic SF, Tress BM. Hippocampal sclerosis can be reliably detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Neurology 1990;40:1869–1875

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
8. Garcia PA, Laxer KD, Barbaro NM, Dillon WP. Prognostic value of qualitative magnetic resonance imaging hippocampal abnormalities in patients undergoing temporal lobectomy for medically refractory seizures. Epilepsia 1994;35:520–524

   CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
9. Grünewald RA, Jackson GD, Connely A, Duncan JS. MR detection of hippocampal disease in epilepsy: factors influencing T2 relaxation time. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15:1149–1156

   Abstract/FREE Full Text
10. Kuzniecky RI, Bilir E, Gilliam F, et al. Multimodality MRI in mesial temporal sclerosis: relative sensitivity and specificity. Neurology 1997;49:774–778

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
11. Bronen RA, Fulbright RK, King D, et al. Qualitative MR imaging of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy requiring surgery: correlation with pathology and seizure outcome after surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;169:875–882

    PubMed
12. ↵
    Meiners LC, Witkamp TD, Kort GAP, et al. Relevance of temporal lobe white matter changes in hippocampal sclerosis. Invest Radiol 1999;34:38–45

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
13. ↵
    Eriksson S, Malmgren K, Rydenhag B, Jönsson L, Uvebrant P, Nordborg C. Surgical treatment of epilepsy - clinical, radiological and histopathological findings in 139 children and adults. Acta Neurol Scand 1999;99:8–15

    PubMedWeb of Science
14. ↵
    von Oertzen J, Urbach H, Bluemcke I, et al. Time-efficient relaxometry of the entire hippocampus is feasible in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2002;58:257–264

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
15. ↵
    Pasquier B, Peoc’H M, Fabre-Boquentin B, et al. Surgical pathology of drug-resistant partial epilepsy. A 10-year-experience with a series of 327 consecutive patients. Epileptic Disord 2002;4:99–119

    PubMedWeb of Science
16. Blümcke I, Giencke K, Wardelmann E, et al. The CD34 epitope is expressed in neoplastic and malformative lesions associated with chronic, focal epilepsies. Acta Neuropathol 1999;97:481–490

    CrossRefPubMed
17. Blümcke I, Wiestler OD. Gangliogliomas: an intriguing tumor entity associated with focal epilepsies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2002;61:575–584

    PubMedWeb of Science
18. ↵
    Luyken C, Blümcke I, Fimmers R, et al. The spectrum of long-term epilepsy associated tumors: long-term seizure and tumor outcome and neurosurgical aspects. Epilepsia 2003;44:822–830

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
19. ↵
    Bien CG, Schulze-Bonhage A, Deckert-Schlüter M, et al. Limbic encephalitis unrelated to neoplasm as a cause of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2000;55:1823–1828

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
20. ↵
    Mischel PS, Nguyen LP, Vinters HV. Cerebral cortical dysplasia associated with pediatric epilepsy: review of neuropathologic features and proposal for a grading system. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1995;54:137–153

    PubMedWeb of Science
21. ↵
    Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB. Classification system for malformations of cortical development: update 2001. Neurology 2001;57:2168–2178

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
22. ↵
    Palmini A, Lüders H. Classification issues in malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2002;13:1–16

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    Tassi L, Colombo N, Garbelli R, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia: neuropathological subtypes, EEG, neuroimaging and surgical outcome. Brain 2002;125:1719–1732

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
24. ↵
    Urbach H, Scheffler B, Heinrichsmeier T, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor’s balloon cell type: a clinicopathological entity with characteristic neuroimaging and histopathological features, and favorable postsurgical outcome. Epilepsia 2002;43:33–40
25. ↵
    Becker AJ, Urbach H, Scheffler B, et al. Focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor’s balloon cell type: Mutational analysis of the TSC1 gene indicates a pathogenic relationship to tuberous sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2002;52:29–37

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
26. ↵
    Bien CG, Urbach H, Deckert M, et al. Diagnosis and staging of Rasmussen’s encephalitis by serial MRI and histopathology. Neurology 2002;58:250–257

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
27. ↵
    Bien CG, Widman G, Urbach H, et al. The natural history of Rasmussen’s encephalitis. Brain 2002;125:1751–1759

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
28. ↵
    Friede RL. Developmental Neuropathology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag,1989
29. ↵
    Rosenow F, Lüders H. Presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Brain 2001;124:1683–1700

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
30. ↵
    Wellmer J, von Oertzen J, Schaller C, et al. Grid electrode localization based on digital photography and 3D-MRI: a method for routine application. Epilepsia 2002;43:1543–1550

    PubMed
31. ↵
    Kral T, Clusmann H, Urbach H, et al. Preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery (Bonn algorithm). Zentralbl Neurochir 2002;63:106–110

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
32. ↵
    Colombo N, Tassi L, Galli C, et al. Focal cortical dysplasias: MR imaging, histopathologic, and clinical correlations in surgically treated patients with epilepsy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003;24:724–733

    Abstract/FREE Full Text
33. ↵
    Spreafico R, Garbelli R, Ferrario A, et al. Immunocytochemical aspects of focal cortical dysplasia. Syllabus S23–26. 11th Advanced Course of the ESNR, Ancona, September 13,2001