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Research ArticleINTERVENTIONAL

A Proposed Ordinal Scale for Grading Histology in Elastase-Induced, Saccular Aneurysms

D. Dai, Y.H. Ding, D.A. Lewis and D.F. Kallmes
American Journal of Neuroradiology January 2006, 27 (1) 132-138;
D. Dai
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Y.H. Ding
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D.A. Lewis
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D.F. Kallmes
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    Fig 1.

    Photomicrographs illustrating neck healing. All sections were stained with H&E.

    A, Representative section (magnification ×25) with the neck healing score = 0, showing unorganized laminated thrombus along the entire aneurysm neck in this section.

    B, Representative section (magnification ×40) with the neck healing score = 1, illustrating unorganized fibrin across the aneurysm neck.

    C, Representative section with the neck healing score = 2, showing both organized tissue and unorganized fibrin at the aneurysm neck (magnification ×50).

    D, Representative section with the neck healing score = 3, showing a thin layer of completely organized tissue across the entire aneurysm neck (magnification ×100).

    E, Representative section with the neck healing score = 4, showing a thick layer of completely organized tissue traversing the entire aneurysm neck (magnification ×60).

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    Fig 2.

    Photomicrographs illustrating dome healing. All sections were stained with H&E.

    A, Representative section (magnification ×20) of a dome score = 0, showing that the aneurysm cavity is completely filled with unorganized thrombus.

    B, Representative section (magnification ×15) when the dome score = 1, where less than one third of aneurysm cavity is filled with organized tissue.

    C, Representative section (magnification ×20) with dome score = 2, in that approximately one half of the aneurysm cavity is filled with organized tissue.

    D, Representative section (magnification ×15) with a dome score = 3, most the aneurysm cavity filled with organized tissue; a residual small area of unorganized thrombus is also evident.

    E, Representative section (magnification ×15) with the dome score = 4, showing the aneurysm cavity to be entirely filled with loose organized tissue.

    F, Representative section (magnification ×40) with the dome score = 5. Staining in this section reveals the aneurysm cavity is completely filled with attenuated cellular tissue.

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    Fig 3.

    Photomicrographs illustrating histologic coil compaction scoring. All sections were stained with H&E.

    A, Representative section for neck compaction score = 3, showing the tissue across the aneurysm neck is convex to the aneurysm cavity (magnification ×20).

    B, Representative section for a neck compaction score = 2, showing the tissue at the neck is flat (magnification ×60).

    C, Representative section for a neck compaction score = 1, showing the tissue at the neck slightly concave to the aneurysm cavity (magnification ×15).

    D, Representative section for a neck compaction score = 0, showing the tissue at the interface between the aneurysm cavity and parent artery is markedly concave to the aneurysm cavity (magnification ×15).

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    Fig 4.

    Mean and SD for scoring categories, in addition to Total Score, over survival time in weeks. Different colored bars represent the mean ± SD for each variable in the ordinal scale at 2 weeks (n = 5), 4 weeks (n = 8), 10 weeks (n = 5), 16 weeks (n = 6), and 24 weeks (n = 6). Values for 2 weeks are significantly less (P < .05) than for 4 weeks, 16 weeks, and 24 weeks. Ten-week values are significantly less (P < .05) than 24-week values.

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    Fig 5.

    A comparison of healing (total score) over time between broad-necked (closed blue circle; >3) and small-necked (closed red triangle; ≤3) aneurysms. Data are represented by mean ± SD. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (indicated by an asterisk) at the 4-week time period.

Tables

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    Table 1:

    Grading scale for elastase-induced saccular aneurysms

    Scale NumberGrading Components
    Gross NeckMicro NeckNeck CompactionDome
    0No coverageUnorganized clotMacro-concaveBlood clot (all)
    1<50% coverageFibrinMicro-concaveOrganized tissue in <1/3 of dome area
    250–75% coverageFibrin with organized tissueFlatOrganized tissue in 1/3–2/3 dome area
    3>75% coverageCompletely organized tissue, thickness ≤1/3 coil diameterConvexOrganized tissue in >2/3 of dome area
    4N/ACompletely organized tissue, thickness >1/3 of coil diameterN/ACompletely organized loose tissue
    5N/AN/AN/ACompletely organized dense fibrous or cellular tissue
    • View popup
    Table 2:

    Summary of aneurysm sizes by time

    Duration (weeks)Neck (mm)Width (mm)Height (mm)
    23.1 ± 1.24.2 ± 0.89.8 ± 1.3
    43.4 ± 1.04.4 ± 0.79.2 ± 1.8
    104.0 ± 1.34.9 ± 1.19.1 ± 1.0
    163.2 ± 0.94.0 ± 1.38.2 ± 1.9
    243.2 ± 0.73.8 ± 0.88.4 ± 2.0
    • Note:—Data are represented as the mean ± SD. There were no significant differences between time points.

    • View popup
    Table 3:

    Summary of histologic scores

    Gross NeckMicro NeckCompactionDomeTotal Score
    2 wk (n = 5)0.0 ± 0.00.2 ± 0.30.8 ± 0.80.5 ± 0.41.4 ± 0.8
    4 wk (n = 7)1.3 ± 1.31.7 ± 1.00.9 ± 0.72.4 ± 1.0*4.7 ± 1.8*
    10 wk (n = 5)0.8 ± 1.30.9 ± 1.20.4 ± 0.52.8 ± 1.4*4.1 ± 2.5
    16 wk (n = 4)1.5 ± 0.62.1 ± 0.9*1.1 ± 0.73.8 ± 0.4*†6.5 ± 1.0*
    24 wk (n = 6)1.7 ± 1.22.4 ± 1.0*1.2 ± 0.84.0 ± 0.0*†7.2 ± 1.6*£
    • Note:—Data are represented as the mean ± SD.

    • * Variable is significantly different from the 2-week mean.

    • † Variable is significantly different from the 4-week mean.

    • £ Variable is significantly different from the 10-week mean.

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American Journal of Neuroradiology: 27 (1)
American Journal of Neuroradiology
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D. Dai, Y.H. Ding, D.A. Lewis, D.F. Kallmes
A Proposed Ordinal Scale for Grading Histology in Elastase-Induced, Saccular Aneurysms
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2006, 27 (1) 132-138;

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A Proposed Ordinal Scale for Grading Histology in Elastase-Induced, Saccular Aneurysms
D. Dai, Y.H. Ding, D.A. Lewis, D.F. Kallmes
American Journal of Neuroradiology Jan 2006, 27 (1) 132-138;
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