Correlation of MR Imaging Findings with Intraoperative Findings after Cervical Spine Trauma

References

1. ↵
   Robertson PA, Ryan MD. Neurological deterioration after reduction of cervical subluxation. Mechanical compression by disc tissue. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1992;74:224–27
2. ↵
   Mahale YJ, Silver JR, Henderson NJ. Neurological complications of the reduction of cervical spine dislocations. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1993;75:403–09
3. ↵
   Kulkarni MV, McArdle CB, Kopanicky D, et al. Acute spinal cord injury: MR imaging at 1.5 T. Radiology 1987;164:837–43

   PubMedWeb of Science
4. ↵
   Flanders AE, Schaefer DM, Doan HT, et al. Acute cervical spine trauma: correlation of MR imaging findings with degree of neurologic deficit. Radiology 1990;177:25–33

   PubMedWeb of Science
5. Hackney DB, Asato R, Joseph PM, et al. Hemorrhage and edema in acute spinal cord compression: demonstration by MR imaging. Radiology 1986;161:387–90

   PubMedWeb of Science
6. ↵
   Schaefer DM, Flanders A, Northrup BE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of acute cervical spine trauma. Correlation with severity of neurologic injury. Spine 1989;14:1090–95

   CrossRefPubMed
7. ↵
   Flanders AE, Spettell CM, Tartaglino LM, et al. Forecasting motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury: value of MR imaging. Radiology 1996;201:649–55

   PubMedWeb of Science
8. ↵
   Tehranzadeh J, Kerr R, Amster J. Magnetic resonance imaging of tendon and ligament abnormalities: Part I. Spine and upper extremities. Skeletal Radiol 1992;21:1–9

   PubMed
9. Hall AJ, Wagle VG, Raycroft J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in cervical spine trauma. J Trauma 1993;34:21–26

   PubMedWeb of Science
10. Davis SJ, Teresi LM, Bradley WG Jr, et al. Cervical spine hyperextension injuries: MR findings. Radiology 1991;180:245–51

    PubMedWeb of Science
11. el-Khoury GY, Kathol MH, Daniel WW. Imaging of acute injuries of the cervical spine: value of plain radiography, CT, and MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;164:43–50

    PubMedWeb of Science
12. Leite CC, Escobar BE, Bazan C 3rd, et al. MRI of cervical facet dislocation. Neuroradiology 1997;39:583–88

    CrossRefPubMed
13. Silberstein M, Tress BM, Hennessy O. Prevertebral swelling in cervical spine injury: identification of ligament injury with magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Radiol 1992;46:318–23

    CrossRefPubMed
14. Saifuddin A. MRI of acute spinal trauma. Skeletal Radiol 2001;30:237–46

    CrossRefPubMed
15. ↵
    White P, Seymour R, Powell N. MRI assessment of the pre-vertebral soft tissues in acute cervical spine trauma. Br J Radiol 1999;72:818–23

    Abstract
16. ↵
    Benzel EC, Hart BL, Ball PA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of patients with occult cervical spine injury. J Neurosurg 1996;85:824–29

    PubMedWeb of Science
17. ↵
    Goldberg AL, Rothfus WE, Deeb ZL, et al. The impact of magnetic resonance on the diagnostic evaluation of acute cervicothoracic spinal trauma. Skeletal Radiol 1988;17:89–95

    CrossRefPubMed
18. ↵
    Kihiczak D, Novelline RA, Lawrason JN, et al. Should an MR scan be performed routinely after a normal clearance CT scan in the trauma patient? Experience with 59 cases. Emerg Radiol 2001;8:276–78

    CrossRef
19. D’Alise MD, Benzel EC, Hart BL. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of the cervical spine in the comatose or obtunded trauma patient. J Neurosurg 1999;91:54–59

    PubMed
20. ↵
    Geck MJ, Yoo S, Wang JC. Assessment of cervical ligamentous injury in trauma patients using MRI. J Spinal Disord 2001;14:371–77

    CrossRefPubMed
21. ↵
    Albrecht RM, Kingsley D, Schermer CR, et al. Evaluation of cervical spine in intensive care patients following blunt trauma. World J Surg 2001;25:1089–96

    CrossRefPubMed
22. ↵
    Klein GR, Vaccaro AR, Albert TJ, et al. Efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of posterior cervical spine fractures. Spine 1999;24:771–74

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    Tarr RW, Drolshagen LF, Kerner TC. MR imaging of recent spinal trauma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1987;11:412–17

    PubMed
24. ↵
    Katzberg RW, Benedetti PF, Drake CM, et al. Acute cervical spine injuries: prospective MR imaging assessment at a level 1 trauma center. Radiology 1999;213:203–12

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
25. ↵
    Mirvis SE, Geisler FH, Jelinek JJ, et al. Acute cervical spine trauma: evaluation with 1.5-T MR imaging. Radiology 1988;166:807–16

    PubMedWeb of Science
26. ↵
    Orrison WW Jr, Benzd EC, Willis BK, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of acute spine trauma. Emerg Radiol 1995;2:120–28
27. ↵
    Vaccaro AR, Kreidl KO, Pan W, et al. Usefulness of MRI in isolated upper cervical spine fractures in adults. J Spinal Disord 1998;11:289–93

    PubMedWeb of Science
28. ↵
    Levitt MA, Flanders AE. Diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in acute cervical spinal column injury. Am J Emerg Med 1991;9:131–35

    CrossRefPubMed
29. ↵
    Keiper MD, Zimmerman RA, Bilaniuk LT. MRI in the assessment of the supportive soft tissues of the cervical spine in acute trauma in children. Neuroradiology 1998;40:359–63

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
30. ↵
    Kliewer MA, Gray L, Paver J, et al. Acute spinal ligament disruption: MR imaging with anatomic correlation. J Magn Reson Imaging 1993;3:855–61

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
31. ↵
    Warner J, Shanmuganathan K, Mirvis SE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of ligamentous injury of the cervical spine. Emerg Radiol 1996;3:9–15

    PubMed
32. ↵
    Emery SE, Pathria MN, Wilber RG, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of posttraumatic spinal ligament injury. J Spinal Disord 1989;2:229–33

    PubMed
33. ↵
    Terk MR, Hume-Neal M, Fraipont M, et al. Injury of the posterior ligament complex in patients with acute spinal trauma: evaluation by MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1481–86

    PubMed
34. ↵
    Frank JB, Lim CK, Flynn JM, et al. The efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric cervical spine clearance. Spine 2002;27:1176–79

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
35. ↵
    Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977;33:159–74

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
36. ↵
    Brennan P, Silman A. Statistical methods for assessing observer variability in clinical measures. BMJ 1992;304:1491–94

    FREE Full Text
37. Maclure M, Willet WC. Misinterpretation and misuse of the kappa statistic. Am J Epidemiol 1987;126:161–69

    FREE Full Text
38. ↵
    Hutchinson TP. Focus on psychometrics. Kappa muddles together two sources of disagreement: tetrachoric correlation is preferable. Res Nurs Health 1993;16:313–16

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
39. ↵
    Feinstein AR, Cicchetti DV. High agreement but low kappa: I. The problems of two paradoxes. J Clin Epidemiol 1990;43:543–49

    CrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
40. ↵
    Shrout PE. Measurement reliability and agreement in psychiatry. Stat Methods Med Res 1998;7:301–17

    Abstract/FREE Full Text