Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Representative of DSA and TOF imaging canine stroke modeling: angiographic data of a single subject obtained during embolic stroke induction. A, DSA of the left ICA before introducing the autologous clot (ventral projection). B, The injected blood clot is seen on radiography due to the presence of barium sulfate (arrow). C and D, DSA (C, ventral projection) and 3D time-of-flight image (D, ventral projection) of the right ICA confirm occlusion of the distal left ICA and proximal MCA (arrows).
- Fig 2.
Representative ADC, MTT, and CBV for canine stroke: example of image data for a single subject. DWI (A), MR perfusion (MTT map) (B), and FPD-CBCT–assessed CBV (C) all show abnormality of the left hemisphere due to the ischemic insult. Squares on the CBV maps (C) indicate the VOIs that were used to calculate CBV values used in equation 3.
- Fig 3.
Representative histologic results: An example of histology by TTC (A) and Fluoro-Jade C staining (B) of the same subject and approximate section as shown in Fig 1. Ischemic regions observed with MR and CBCT imaging are confirmed by absence of TTC staining and by fluorescent green−stained degenerated neurons (magnification, ×20).
- Fig 4.
Linear regression analysis. Lesion volumes in FPD-CBCT−assessed CBV data were measured by using various lesion thresholds with tlesion=C̅B̅V̅h−kσ. A−E, An optimal threshold was established by linear regression analysis of the CBV lesion volumes by using various k-values in relation to lesion volumes obtained with histology. F, The results were compared with the regression analysis of lesion volumes assessed with ADC versus lesion volumes measured with histology. The qualities of the linear fits are summarized in Table 2.
- Fig 5.
Results of Bland-Altman analysis performed to evaluate the agreement of lesion volumes assessed with FPD-CBCT CBV (A) and ADC (B) with histologically measured infarct volumes. Mean differences and 1.96 × SD are indicated by the solid and dashed lines, respectively.
Tables
- Table 1:
Mean CBV (C̅B̅V̅) values and SD of healthy (C̅B̅V̅h) and ischemic (C̅B̅V̅i) tissue for each subjecta
Subject CBVh (SD) mL/100 g CBVi (SD) mL/100 g 1 4.42 (2.33) 0.80 (0.92) 2 3.77 (1.68) 0.43 (1.80) 3 3.17 (1.10) 1.05 (0.50) 4 4.47 (1.53) 0.85 (0.48) 5 6.28 (2.29) 3.40 (1.52) 6 3.60 (0.68) 0.63 (0.55) 7 3.91 (0.97) 0.78 (0.44) -
↵a Values were calculated for selected volumes of interest of 0.12 mL.
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- Table 2:
Summary of the linear regression analysis for various k-values that were used to establish a CBV lesion threshold (tlesion): tlesion=C̅B̅V̅h−kσ1a
k R2 RMSE 1.0 0.02 2.33 1.5 0.31 2.30 2.0 0.57 1.92 2.5 0.72 1.47 3.0 0.71 1.37 ADC 0.99 0.61 -
↵a C̅B̅V̅h and σ are the mean and standard deviation of the healthy CBV. The quality of linear regression is expressed in coefficient of determination (R2) and root-mean-square error.
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